Communication Skills

Q. 1. Communication is a skill. That means it is —

संप्रेषण एक कौशल है। इसका अर्थ है कि यह है —

a) a practised performance you can train, not a talent you either have or lack — अभ्यस्त प्रदर्शन जिसे सिखाया जा सकता है, जन्मजात गुण नहीं b) a fixed personality trait that cannot be taught — स्थिर स्वभाव जिसे पढ़ाया नहीं जा सकता c) the same as talking for a long time — बहुत देर बोलने के बराबर d) any sound that reaches an ear — कोई भी ध्वनि जो कान तक पहुँचे

Communication is a skill: a practised performance you can train. Hargie treats it as skilled work. Kumar and Pushpalata treat it as a cycle: a message is sent, received, interpreted and answered. It is not a fixed personality trait, and it is not the same as talking a lot.

Q. 2. A scholarship notice on the wall that nobody reads is —

दीवार पर छात्रवृत्ति की सूचना जिसे कोई नहीं पढ़ता, वह है —

a) complete communication, because the paper was printed — पूरा संप्रेषण, क्योंकि कागज़ छपा था b) digital communication, because the wall is a channel — डिजिटल संप्रेषण, क्योंकि दीवार माध्यम है c) information placed where it can be read, but not yet communication — सूचना जो पढ़ी जा सकती है, पर अभी संप्रेषण नहीं d) feedback from the receiver — प्राप्तकर्ता की प्रतिपुष्टि

Information is facts placed where they can be read or stored. Communication begins when someone receives the message, makes meaning, and can act or ask. A notice that nobody reads is still only information.

Q. 3. The clerk’s WhatsApp tick that Anil’s form arrived is, in the process, —

प्रक्रिया में क्लर्क का वह व्हाट्सऐप टिक कि अनिल का फ़ॉर्म पहुँच गया, वह है —

a) encoding by the sender before any message exists — संदेश बनने से पहले प्रेषक का संकेतन b) feedback: the receiver’s return that the message was received — प्रतिपुष्टि: प्राप्तकर्ता का लौटा संकेत कि संदेश मिला c) noise that blocks the channel — शोर जो माध्यम रोकता है d) proxemics, because a phone is held in the hand — प्रोक्सेमिक्स, क्योंकि फ़ोन हाथ में है

Feedback is the receiver’s return signal: a tick, a nod, a question, or a filled form. A tick shows the message arrived; a question or a submitted form shows it was understood. Encoding is the sender turning an idea into a code. Noise distorts the path. Proxemics is meaning carried by space.

Q. 4. If sender and receiver do not share a code, you have —

यदि प्रेषक और प्राप्तकर्ता एक कोड साझा नहीं करते, तो आपके पास है —

a) courtesy, because both people were polite — शिष्टता, क्योंकि दोनों विनम्र थे b) a complete message of the 7 Cs — 7 Cs का पूरा संदेश c) only a digital channel — केवल डिजिटल माध्यम d) noise, not meaning — शोर, अर्थ नहीं

Sender and receiver must share a code. Without a shared code there is noise, not meaning. Courtesy and the 7 Cs cannot repair a message spoken in a language the other person does not know.

Q. 5. The course objectives name communication as important in —

पाठ्यक्रम-उद्देश्य संप्रेषण का महत्त्व नाम करते हैं —

a) personal, academic and professional life — व्यक्तिगत, शैक्षणिक और व्यावसायिक जीवन में b) only digital screens — केवल डिजिटल स्क्रीन पर c) only talking, never listening — केवल बोलने में, कभी श्रवण नहीं d) only when a loudspeaker is present — केवल जब लाउडस्पीकर हो

The official unit names importance and purpose of communication. The course objectives place that importance in academic, professional and personal life. Communication is not limited to screens, to talking without listening, or to a loudspeaker.

Q. 6. A scholarship notice that names Friday, 4 p.m., Room 12 has as its leading purpose to —

जो छात्रवृत्ति सूचना Friday, 4 p.m., Room 12 नाम करती है, उसका मुख्य उद्देश्य है —

a) entertain the reader with a joke — मज़ाक से पाठक का मनोरंजन b) hide the closing date — अंतिम तिथि छिपाना c) inform and instruct: when and where to act — सूचित और निर्देश: कब और कहाँ काम करना है d) replace words with silence — शब्दों की जगह मौन

Purpose is the job the message is sent to do: inform, instruct, request, persuade or record. A notice that names Friday, 4 p.m., Room 12 informs and instructs so the reader can act. Entertainment, hiding the date, or silence is not that job.

Q. 7. A live railway announcement on the platform is mainly —

प्लेटफ़ॉर्म पर जीवंत रेल-घोषणा मुख्यतः है —

a) written-verbal communication — लिखित-शाब्दिक संप्रेषण b) oral-verbal communication — मौखिक-शाब्दिक संप्रेषण c) only chronemics, with no words — केवल काल-संकेत, बिना शब्दों के d) only silence, with no words — केवल मौन, बिना शब्दों के

Verbal communication uses words. Oral-verbal is spoken words: a lecture, a conversation, a station announcement. Written-verbal is print or screen text. Chronemics is meaning carried by time, not a spoken announcement.

Q. 8. Anil says “I’m fine” but looks away and folds his arms. The body is using —

अनिल कहता है “मैं ठीक हूँ” पर नज़र फेरता है और बाँहें बाँधता है। शरीर उपयोग कर रहा है —

a) only digital communication — केवल डिजिटल संप्रेषण b) only the 7 Cs of a notice — केवल सूचना के 7 Cs c) proxemics, because the words named a distance in metres — प्रोक्सेमिक्स, क्योंकि शब्दों ने मीटर में दूरी नाम की d) kinesics, which can contradict the spoken words — काइनेसिक्स, जो बोले शब्दों का विरोध कर सकता है

Kinesics is meaning carried by the body: posture, gesture, eye contact, facial expression. Non-verbal cues can support the words or contradict them. Proxemics is meaning carried by space. Digital communication is a screen channel.

Q. 9. Chronemics is meaning carried by —

काल-संकेत (chronemics) वह अर्थ है जो आता है —

a) time: being late, waiting, rushing, or answering at once — समय से: देर, प्रतीक्षा, जल्दबाज़ी, या तुरंत उत्तर b) the distance between two chairs — दो कुर्सियों के बीच की दूरी से c) the pitch and pause of the voice only — केवल आवाज़ के उतार-चढ़ाव और विराम से d) the spelling of the 7 Cs — 7 Cs की वर्तनी से

Chronemics is meaning carried by time: a late student, a slow reply, a rushed clerk. Proxemics is space. Paralanguage is how the voice sounds. The 7 Cs are essentials of the message, not a body-code.

Q. 10. A notice that says only “Come soon” mainly fails which C?

जो सूचना केवल “Come soon” कहती है, वह मुख्यतः कौन-सा C चूकती है?

a) courtesy, because the words were rude — शिष्टता, क्योंकि शब्द रूखे थे b) kinesics, because nobody waved — काइनेसिक्स, क्योंकि किसी ने हाथ नहीं हिलाया c) concreteness: no name, number, day or room — मूर्तता: न नाम, न संख्या, न दिन, न कक्ष d) digital type, because the wall is not a phone — डिजिटल प्रकार, क्योंकि दीवार फ़ोन नहीं

Concreteness asks for names, numbers and times: Friday, 4 p.m., Room 12 — not “soon” or “some people.” Courtesy is please and thank you. Kinesics and digital type are not Cs.

Q. 11. A bus-station announcement typically names —

बस-स्टेशन घोषणा प्रायः नाम करती है —

a) only a train number and a platform — केवल ट्रेन नंबर और प्लेटफ़ॉर्म b) the route, the gate or stand, and the departure time — मार्ग, गेट या स्टैंड, और प्रस्थान समय c) only a flight number and a baggage belt — केवल उड़ान नंबर और सामान पट्टा d) only the host of a recorded programme — केवल रिकॉर्ड कार्यक्रम का होस्ट

A bus-station announcement names the route, the gate or stand, the departure time, and sometimes a type (ordinary, express). The classroom model: RSRTC express for Jaipur, 15:30, gate 6. A train number is a railway announcement; a flight number is an airport announcement.

Q. 12. Pseudo-listening is —

छद्म-श्रवण है —

a) hearing plus chosen attention to meaning — सुनना प्लस अर्थ पर चुना ध्यान b) listening for feelings as well as facts — तथ्यों के साथ भाव भी सुनना c) the same as a public announcement — सार्वजनिक घोषणा के बराबर d) looking as if you listen while the mind is elsewhere — सुनने जैसा दिखना जबकि मन और कहीं हो

Pseudo-listening is the look of listening without the work of listening. The student nods at the clerk but is reading a phone. Hearing is automatic; listening is chosen. Empathic listening attends to feelings as well as facts.

Q. 13. Selective listening becomes a fault when —

चयनात्मक श्रवण दोष बन जाता है जब —

a) you drop the qualifier and reverse the meaning, as in “exam postponed” without “for Semester III only” — आप विशेषक छोड़ देते हैं और अर्थ उल्टा हो जाता है, जैसे “exam postponed” बिना “for Semester III only” b) you hear every word and check the limit — आप हर शब्द सुनते हैं और सीमा जाँचते हैं c) you wait until the sentence ends before you reply — उत्तर से पहले वाक्य खत्म होने देते हो d) you write the number down as you hear it — सुनते हुए नंबर लिख लेते हो

Selective listening attends to one part of the message. It is useful when you hunt a train number. It is a fault when the skipped part reverses the meaning: “exam postponed” is not the same as “exam postponed for Semester III only.” Checking the whole fact, waiting, and writing the number down are repairs, not this fault.

Q. 14. A professional benefit of effective listening is that —

प्रभावी श्रवण का व्यावसायिक लाभ है कि —

a) you can skip attention if the room is quiet — कमरा शांत हो तो ध्यान छोड़ सकते हो b) hearing and listening become the same thing — सुनना और श्रवण एक हो जाते हैं c) you do not have to be told the same order three times — एक ही आदेश तीन बार नहीं सुनना पड़ता d) you need no shared code with the speaker — वक्ता से साझा कोड नहीं चाहिए

Effective listening saves time and error at work: one clear hearing of an order beats three repeated mails. It does not make hearing the same as listening, and it does not cancel attention or a shared code.

Q. 15. You have already decided the teacher is unfair, so you miss the new date. The barrier cluster is —

आप पहले से मान चुके हो कि शिक्षक अन्याय करते हैं, इसलिए नई तिथि छूट जाती है। बाधा-समूह है —

a) physical: a fan drowning the room — भौतिक: पंखा कमरा डुबोता है b) psychological: a closed mind that will not receive — मनोवैज्ञानिक: बंद मन जो ग्रहण नहीं करता c) you wrote the date down as you heard it — सुनते हुए तिथि लिख ली d) you waited until the sentence ended — वाक्य खत्म होने दिया

Psychological barriers sit in the mind: prejudice, anger, fear, the decision that the other person is already wrong. Physical barriers sit in the room: noise, distance, a torn notice. Writing the date and waiting until the sentence ends are repairs, not this barrier.

Q. 16. A railway announcement typically names —

रेल-घोषणा प्रायः नाम करती है —

a) only the clerk’s first name — केवल क्लर्क का पहला नाम b) only a cheer with no number — केवल जयकार, बिना संख्या c) only the word delayed, with no train named — केवल शब्द delayed, बिना ट्रेन के नाम d) the train number and name, the platform, and a status — ट्रेन नंबर और नाम, प्लेटफ़ॉर्म, और स्थिति

A railway announcement typically names the train number and name, the origin–destination, the platform, and a status: arriving, delayed, cancelled, or rescheduled. Listen for the number twice: 20498 can sound like 20489 in echo.

Q. 17. In the classroom railway model, train 20498 will now arrive at —

कक्षा के रेल-मॉडल में ट्रेन 20498 अब पहुँचेगी —

a) 14:50 on platform 3 — 14:50 पर प्लेटफ़ॉर्म 3 b) 15:30 at gate 6 — 15:30 पर गेट 6 c) gate 12 with a boarding pass — बोर्डिंग पास के साथ गेट 12 d) 14:10 on time, as first scheduled — निर्धारित 14:10 पर समय से

The classroom railway announcement says train 20498, the Bikaner–Delhi Intercity, scheduled for 14:10, is delayed by forty minutes. It will now arrive at 14:50 on platform 3. Gate 6 is the bus model; gate 12 is the airport model.

Q. 18. An airport “last call” for SG 2941 mainly tells you to —

SG 2941 की हवाई अड्डा “last call” मुख्यतः कहती है —

a) wait on platform 3 for the Intercity — इंटरसिटी के लिए प्लेटफ़ॉर्म 3 पर प्रतीक्षा करो b) ignore the call and wait for a second chance — पुकार अनदेखी करो और दूसरी बार की प्रतीक्षा करो c) go to the named gate at once with boarding pass and identity card — तुरंत नामित गेट पर बोर्डिंग पास और पहचान पत्र लेकर जाओ d) board any flight to Jaipur — जयपुर की कोई भी उड़ान पकड़ो

The classroom airport model: SpiceJet SG 2941 to Jaipur is boarding at gate 12. Last call means go to gate 12 immediately and keep the boarding pass and identity card ready. Platform 3 is the railway model. Do not guess another flight or wait for the same words again.

Q. 19. A sports announcement that only cheers and never names the start line mainly fails —

खेल-घोषणा जो केवल जयकार करती है और स्टार्ट लाइन नहीं नाम करती, मुख्यतः चूकती है —

a) only a cheer with no request to the crowd — केवल जयकार, भीड़ से बिना अनुरोध b) completeness: who, where, and what to do next — पूर्णता: कौन, कहाँ, और आगे क्या करना है c) only a louder cheer — केवल और ज़ोर की जयकार d) hearing without any announcement — बिना घोषणा के सुनना

A good public announcement is complete and concrete. Completeness names who, what, when, where, and what to do next. A sports call that only cheers does not tell athletes where to stand. A louder cheer does not add the missing line.

Q. 20. Playing a podcast at 1.5× speed while scrolling is mainly —

पॉडकास्ट 1.5× गति पर स्क्रॉल करते चलाना मुख्यतः है —

a) active listening that notes three facts and rewinds a name — सक्रिय श्रवण जो तीन तथ्य लिखे और नाम पर पीछे जाए b) the same as a live station speaker you cannot pause — जीवंत स्टेशन स्पीकर के बराबर जिसे रोका न जाए c) hearing that is already the same as listening — सुनना जो पहले से श्रवण के बराबर है d) pseudo-listening: the look of listening while the mind is elsewhere — छद्म-श्रवण: सुनने जैसा दिखना जबकि मन और कहीं हो

A podcast is recorded speech you can pause and replay, unlike a station loudspeaker. Playing it at 1.5× while scrolling is pseudo-listening: the ear is busy, the mind is elsewhere. Effective listening here is one job per play: note three facts; rewind a name.

Q. 21. To ask for a fact at the enquiry window you should start with —

पूछताछ खिड़की पर तथ्य पूछने के लिए शुरुआत करो —

a) Oy, platform? — Oy, platform? b) Tell me 20498 now. — अभी 20498 बताओ। c) Excuse me, could you tell me the platform for train 20498? — Excuse me, could you tell me the platform for train 20498? d) You must know this. — तुम्हें यह पता होना चाहिए।

To ask for information politely, greet or get attention, then use a modal: Excuse me, could you tell me… Name the fact you need. “Oy” and “Tell me now” are rude. “You must know this” blames the clerk.

Q. 22. When you give a platform number and the student looks unsure, you should —

जब आप प्लेटफ़ॉर्म नंबर देते हो और विद्यार्थी अनिश्चित दिखे, आपको चाहिए —

a) check that they heard the number, then stop — जाँचो कि नंबर सुना, फिर रुको b) walk away before the number is spoken — नंबर बोलने से पहले चल दो c) ask them for a favour in the same sentence — उसी वाक्य में उनसे एहसान माँगो d) give three extra facts before the number — नंबर से पहले तीन अतिरिक्त तथ्य दो

When you give information, answer the thing asked first, give it once clearly, and check that it was heard: “Platform 3. Did you get 3?” Then stop. Do not add a favour. Do not walk away before the number is spoken. Do not pile extra facts before the fact that was asked.

Q. 23. A good spoken offer is —

अच्छा बोला प्रस्ताव है —

a) You must take my notes whether you want them or not. — चाहो या न चाहो, मेरी नोट्स लेनी ही होंगी। b) Somebody should do something sometime. — किसी को कभी कुछ करना चाहिए। c) I am offering help in general, with no thing named. — मैं सामान्य मदद दे रहा हूँ, कोई चीज़ नाम नहीं। d) Shall I copy the Communication Skills notes for 22 September? — Shall I copy the Communication Skills notes for 22 September?

A good spoken offer is specific and optional: Shall I copy the notes for 22 September? The other person can accept or refuse the thing. “You must take” is an order. “Somebody should” names nobody.

Q. 24. If you refuse an offer of extra notes you should —

यदि अतिरिक्त नोट्स का प्रस्ताव ठुकराते हो तो आपको चाहिए —

a) ignore the person who offered — प्रस्ताव करने वाले को अनदेखा करो b) thank them and refuse the thing, not the person — धन्यवाद दो और चीज़ ठुकराओ, व्यक्ति को नहीं c) accept and then never collect the notes — स्वीकार करो और नोट्स कभी मत लो d) refuse the person, not the thing — व्यक्ति को ठुकराओ, चीज़ को नहीं

If you refuse an offer, thank the person and refuse the thing: “No thank you, I already copied them.” Do not refuse the person. If you accept, thank and take only what was offered. A fake yes you cannot keep is also a barrier.

Q. 25. To congratulate Meena on first class you should —

मीना को प्रथम श्रेणी पर बधाई देने के लिए आपको चाहिए —

a) ask for her notes in the same breath as the praise — प्रशंसा के साथ उसी साँस में नोट्स माँग लो b) say nothing — कुछ मत बोलो c) name the achievement, without a favour attached — उपलब्धि नाम करो, बिना जुड़े एहसान के d) turn the praise into an order — प्रशंसा को आदेश बना दो

To congratulate is to name the achievement and stop: “Well done on first class, Meena.” Do not attach a favour to the praise. Congratulating is a speaking job; silence and an order are not congratulations.

Q. 26. An open polite question is —

खुला विनम्र प्रश्न है —

a) How should I fill the day-pass form? — How should I fill the day-pass form? b) Is Room 12 this way — yes or no only? — क्या कक्ष 12 इधर है — केवल हाँ या नहीं? c) Oy, form? — Oy, form? d) You will fill it. — तुम भरोगे।

An open polite question starts with How, What or Where and invites a useful answer: “How should I fill the day-pass form?” A closed question is yes or no. “Oy” is rude. “You will fill it” is an order.

Q. 27. “May I sit here?” is polite because it —

“May I sit here?” विनम्र है क्योंकि यह —

a) takes the seat before anyone can speak — किसी के बोलने से पहले सीट ले लेता है b) is a shout across the room — कमरे में चिल्लाहट है c) is a written notice on the chair — कुर्सी पर लिखी सूचना है d) asks permission instead of taking the seat — सीट लेने की जगह अनुमति माँगता है

A polite permission question uses May I or Could I and waits. “May I sit here?” asks before taking the seat. Taking the seat first is not polite. A shout and a written notice are not spoken permission.

Q. 28. The indirect polite question for a place is —

स्थान के लिए अप्रत्यक्ष विनम्र प्रश्न है —

a) Where Room 12? — Where Room 12? b) Could you tell me where Room 12 is? — Could you tell me where Room 12 is? c) Room 12 now. — अभी कक्ष 12। d) You don’t know Room 12. — तुम्हें कक्ष 12 नहीं पता।

The indirect polite form for a place is Could you tell me where… is? It is softer than a blunt “Where is Room 12?” “Where Room 12?” drops the verb. “You don’t know” blames the listener.

Q. 29. A role-play is —

भूमिका-अभिनय है —

a) a long speech with no turn for the other person — लंबा भाषण जिसमें दूसरे की बारी न हो b) a written paragraph with no voices — बिना आवाज़ का लिखा अनुच्छेद c) a short spoken scene that practises one job, then stops — छोटा बोला दृश्य जो एक काम का अभ्यास करे, फिर रुके d) reading a notice aloud without a partner — बिना साथी सूचना ज़ोर से पढ़ना

A role-play is a short spoken scene: clerk and student, two passengers, a sports volunteer. Practise one job — ask, give, offer, refuse, congratulate — then stop. It is not a monologue, not a silent paragraph, and not reading alone.

Q. 30. A polite spoken no should —

विनम्र बोला इनकार चाहिए कि —

a) refuse the request and, if you can, give the next useful fact — अनुरोध ठुकराए और, हो सके तो, अगला उपयोगी तथ्य दे b) say nothing and walk away — कुछ न कहे और चल दे c) shout so that the other person feels the refusal — चिल्लाए ताकि दूसरा इनकार महसूस करे d) attach a favour to the no — इनकार से एहसान जोड़ दे

A polite spoken no refuses the request and, if you can, offers the next fact: “I don’t have the notes, but the next bus is at 16:10.” Silence and shouting are both barriers. Do not attach a favour to the refusal.

Q. 31. Reading is —

पठन है —

a) only saying words aloud in the reading-room — केवल वाचनागार में शब्द ज़ोर से कहना b) the same as hearing a fan — पंखा सुनने के बराबर c) saying sounds with no meaning from the page — पृष्ठ से बिना अर्थ ध्वनि कहना d) making meaning from print or screen, silent or aloud — छपे या स्क्रीन पाठ से अर्थ बनाना, मौन या ज़ोर से

Reading is making meaning from print or a screen. It may be silent or aloud. It is not the same as saying words without meaning, and it is not hearing. Thompson’s discrimination asks you to judge what you read, not swallow every line.

Q. 32. Purpose of reading decides —

पठन का उद्देश्य तय करता है —

a) only whether the page is printed — केवल यह कि पृष्ठ छपा है या नहीं b) how fast you read and which method you choose — कितनी तेज़ पढ़ोगे और कौन-सी विधि चुनोगे c) only the writer’s first name — केवल लेखक का पहला नाम d) whether you sit or stand — बैठोगे या खड़े रहोगे

Purpose of reading decides speed and method. You skim a circular for gist, scan a result list for roll 2145, and read a definition slowly. Print, a first name, and posture are not that choice.

Q. 33. The first move of the reading process is —

पठन-प्रक्रिया का पहला कदम है —

a) preview: title, headings, first lines, then the body — पूर्वावलोकन: शीर्षक, शीर्ष, पहली पंक्तियाँ, फिर मुख्य भाग b) skip the title and headings — शीर्षक और शीर्ष छोड़ दो c) guess the meaning without looking at the page — पृष्ठ देखे बिना अर्थ गढ़ो d) mark every word before you see the title — शीर्षक से पहले हर शब्द चिह्नित करो

The reading process starts with preview: title, headings, first sentences. Then you read with a purpose, mark what matters, and check that you can say the gist. Guessing without the page is not reading.

Q. 34. Extensive reading is —

विस्तृत पठन है —

a) hunting only roll 2145 on a list — सूची पर केवल रोल 2145 खोजना b) reading a definition word by word for an exam line — परीक्षा-पंक्ति के लिए परिभाषा शब्द-शब्द पढ़ना c) long, easier reading for overall sense — कुल भाव के लिए लंबा, सहज पठन d) the same as hearing a fan — पंखा सुनने के बराबर

Extensive reading is long, easier reading for overall sense: a story, a news column. Intensive reading is slow and close: a definition, a clause, an instruction. Scanning hunts a known target. Hearing is not reading.

Q. 35. You open a result list looking only for roll 2145. The method is —

परिणाम सूची खोलकर केवल रोल 2145 खोजते हो। विधि है —

a) skimming for the writer’s full argument — लेखक की पूरी दलील के लिए skimming b) reading the whole list slowly with no target — बिना निशाने पूरी सूची धीरे पढ़ना c) listening to the list being announced — सूची की घोषणा सुनना d) scanning: hunting a known target — scanning: ज्ञात निशाने का शिकार

Scanning is reading quickly for a known target: a name, a time, a number, a word in a list. You already know what you want: 2145, 20498, SG 2941, “gate.” Skimming builds a quick map of the whole. Listening is not this method.

Q. 36. You need the gist of a three-page circular, not one room number. You should mainly —

तीन पृष्ठ के परिपत्र का सार चाहिए, एक कक्ष-संख्या नहीं। मुख्यतः करो —

a) scan only for the word “gate” — केवल शब्द “gate” स्कैन करो b) skim headings and first sentences — शीर्ष और पहले वाक्य स्किम करो c) read every footnote first — पहले हर पादटिप्पणी पढ़ो d) skip the title — शीर्षक छोड़ दो

Skimming is reading quickly for overall sense: title, headings, first sentences. Use it when the task is the main idea. Scanning hunts one known item. Footnotes first and skipping the title are not skimming for gist.

Q. 37. Academic comprehension of a definition should —

परिभाषा का शैक्षणिक बोध चाहिए कि —

a) keep the writer’s claim; do not turn the definition into a story — लेखक का दावा रखे; परिभाषा को कहानी न बनाए b) replace every term with a slogan — हर पद की जगह नारा रखे c) ignore the terms as they stand — पद ज्यों के त्यों अनदेखे करे d) treat the passage as a sports cheer — पाठ को खेल-जयकार माने

The syllabus names three sources for reading comprehension: academic writing, news reports, and instructions. Academic comprehension keeps the writer’s claim and the terms as they stand. Do not turn a definition into a story or a slogan.

Q. 38. From the classroom news model, platform 3 was —

कक्षा के समाचार-मॉडल में प्लेटफ़ॉर्म 3 था —

a) changed to platform 1 — प्लेटफ़ॉर्म 1 पर बदल दिया गया b) closed after an injury — चोट के बाद बंद c) unchanged after the signal fault — सिग्नल दोष के बाद भी अपरिवर्तित d) cancelled with the train — ट्रेन के साथ रद्द

The classroom news model: Bikaner, 18 September. The 20498 Intercity to Delhi left forty minutes late after a signal fault at the outer cabin. Railway staff said platform 3 was unchanged. No injury was reported. News comprehension covers who, what, when, where, why.

Q. 39. An instruction that drops the last step, such as “press Save,” mainly fails —

जो निर्देश अंतिम चरण छोड़ दे, जैसे “Save दबाओ,” मुख्यतः चूकता है —

a) only a shorter title — केवल छोटा शीर्षक b) only a louder font — केवल ज़ोर का फ़ॉन्ट c) replacing the steps with a story — चरणों की जगह कहानी d) completeness: the reader cannot finish the job — पूर्णता: पाठक काम पूरा नहीं कर सकता

Instructions must be complete and in order. If a step is missing, the reader cannot act. Completeness is who, what, when, where, and what to do next. A shorter title or a louder font does not restore the missing step.

Q. 40. Thompson’s “discrimination” in reading asks you to —

पठन में Thompson का “discrimination” माँगता है कि तुम —

a) copy every advertisement as if it were news — हर विज्ञापन को समाचार मानकर नकल करो b) judge tone and purpose; do not swallow every line — स्वर और उद्देश्य का न्याय करो; हर पंक्ति निगल न लो c) skip the writer’s purpose — लेखक का उद्देश्य छोड़ दो d) treat every line as an instruction to act — हर पंक्ति को काम का निर्देश मानो

Denys Thompson’s Reading and Discrimination asks you to judge tone and purpose. An advertisement is not a news report. Do not copy every line as if it were fact, and do not treat every line as an order to act.

Q. 41. A descriptive paragraph of the leaky cooler should —

लीक करते कूलर का वर्णनात्मक अनुच्छेद चाहिए कि —

a) show with sense-details: drip, stain, time — not only the label “bad” — इंद्रिय-विवरण से दिखाए: टपक, दाग, समय — केवल लेबल “खराब” नहीं b) tell a year-long story with no object in view — बिना वस्तु के साल भर की कहानी कहे c) open Dear Sir/Madam in the first line — पहली पंक्ति में Dear Sir/Madam खोले d) use only the word “bad” — केवल शब्द “खराब” उपयोग करे

A descriptive paragraph shows with sense-details. The classroom cooler: a drip at 4.20 p.m. on 17 September, a stain on the floor — not only the word “bad.” Narrative uses time order. A letter salutation is not a paragraph opening.

Q. 42. A narrative paragraph is held together by —

कथात्मक अनुच्छेद को बाँधता है —

a) only the word “beautiful” repeated — केवल दोहराया शब्द “सुंदर” b) only a poster headline — केवल पोस्टर-सुर्खी c) only labels with no time — केवल लेबल, बिना समय के d) time order: then, next, after that — समय-क्रम: then, next, after that

A narrative paragraph’s spine is time order: then, next, after that. The classroom incident moves from the leak noticed at 4.20 p.m. to what was done next. Description shows; narrative tells in order.

Q. 43. In a formal letter to a named person, Dear Dr Sharma, the close is —

नामित व्यक्ति को औपचारिक पत्र में, Dear Dr Sharma, समापन है —

a) Yours faithfully — Yours faithfully b) Yours sincerely — Yours sincerely c) only Hi Meena — केवल Hi Meena d) only a poster headline — केवल पोस्टर-सुर्खी

Unknown name: Dear Sir/Madam and Yours faithfully. Named person: Dear Dr Sharma and Yours sincerely. Hi Meena is an informal opening. A poster headline is not a letter close.

Q. 44. An informal letter to Meena may open Hi, but it still needs —

मीना को अनौपचारिक पत्र Hi से खुल सकता है, पर फिर भी चाहिए —

a) a clear request and the facts she must act on — साफ़ अनुरोध और वे तथ्य जिन पर उसे काम करना है b) Yours faithfully and Dear Sir/Madam in the same line — उसी पंक्ति में Yours faithfully और Dear Sir/Madam c) no date and no request, because it is informal — कोई तिथि और अनुरोध नहीं, क्योंकि अनौपचारिक है d) only the word Hello as the whole letter — पूरे पत्र के रूप में केवल शब्द Hello

An informal letter may open Hi Meena and close Thanks, but it still needs a clear request and the facts the friend must act on: which notes, which date, which room. Mixing faithfully with Dear Sir/Madam is the formal unknown-name pair, not a friend’s letter. Hello alone is not a letter.

Q. 45. An email without a subject line fails because —

बिना विषय-पंक्ति का ईमेल चूकता है क्योंकि —

a) the subject may be left blank if the mail is short — मेल छोटा हो तो विषय खाली छोड़ा जा सकता है b) only Hello is enough as a subject — विषय के रूप में केवल Hello काफी है c) the reader cannot see the job before opening the mail — खोलने से पहले पाठक काम नहीं देख सकता d) Meena must always be addressed as Dear Sir — मीना को हमेशा Dear Sir कहना चाहिए

An email must have a subject line that names the job. Never leave it blank; never use only “Hello.” A classroom model: Submission of event-report project — Anil Sharma 2145, B.A. Sem V. Informal mail may open Hi Meena; it does not use Dear Sir for a friend.

Q. 46. A college notice is written in —

महाविद्यालय सूचना लिखी जाती है —

a) first person, opening Dear Sir/Madam — उत्तम पुरुष, Dear Sir/Madam से आरंभ b) third person, with date, heading, body and name of office — अन्य पुरुष, तिथि, शीर्षक, मुख्य भाग और कार्यालय का नाम सहित c) only a poster slogan with no date — केवल पोस्टर-नारा, बिना तिथि d) only a spoken last call — केवल बोली last call

A notice is a short public written message in the third person. It carries a date, a heading, a body, and the name of the office. It does not open Dear Sir/Madam. A poster is for the wall and may use a slogan; it is not the notice form. A last call is speaking.

Q. 47. A poster on the wall should —

दीवार के पोस्टर को चाहिए कि —

a) copy a seven-sentence paragraph onto the sheet — शीट पर सात वाक्यों का अनुच्छेद नकल करे b) open and close as a formal letter to the Principal — प्राचार्य को औपचारिक पत्र की तरह खुले और बंद हो c) replace the date with the word soon — तिथि की जगह शब्द soon रखे d) catch the eye and command or invite in a few lines — नज़र रोके और कुछ पंक्तियों में आदेश या निमंत्रण दे

A poster’s job on the wall is to catch the eye and make the reader act: a headline, two or three supporting lines, a command or invitation, a contact. No long paragraph. No letter salutation. Concreteness still needs a date and a place: 12 September, Room 12.

Q. 48. An event summary is written in —

घटना-सार लिखा जाता है —

a) past tense, third person: what happened, where, who, result — भूतकाल, अन्य पुरुष: क्या हुआ, कहाँ, कौन, परिणाम b) future tense only, with no place named — केवल भविष्यत्, बिना स्थान के c) only a list of the 7 Cs — केवल 7 Cs की सूची d) only a headline with no event named — केवल सुर्खी, बिना घटना के नाम

An event summary covers what happened, where, who took part, and the result. It is written in the past tense and in the third person. A list of Cs or a headline with no event is not the report form.

Q. 49. An incident report should record —

घटना-प्रतिवेदन को दर्ज करना चाहिए —

a) what you saw and when; not a guessed cause you did not see — जो देखा और कब; वह कारण नहीं जिसका अनुमान मात्र हो b) only a slogan copied from the town — केवल शहर से नकल नारा c) only the 7 Cs in alphabetical order — केवल वर्णक्रम में 7 Cs d) a cause you invented so the page looks complete — पृष्ठ पूरा दिखे इसलिए गढ़ा कारण

An incident report records what was seen, when, and what was done. The classroom cooler leak is dated 17 September, 4.20 p.m. Do not invent a cause you did not see. A slogan and a list of Cs are not an incident report.

Q. 50. The official assessment of this paper is —

इस पत्र का आधिकारिक आकलन है —

a) a university written exam of 100 marks — विश्वविद्यालय की 100 अंक की लिखित परीक्षा b) 50 internal only; the university conducts no examination — केवल आंतरिक 50; विश्वविद्यालय परीक्षा नहीं लेता c) internal 20 plus a university paper of 30 — आंतरिक 20 प्लस विश्वविद्यालय पत्र 30 d) only attendance, with no MCQ or project — केवल उपस्थिति, बिना MCQ या परियोजना

Paper 5.5SDCT51 is 50 marks internal only. The university conducts no examination. College may use a Google Form MCQ, a project, an assignment, or a mix. Official project options include an interview-based report of 500–800 words, a short audio or video, or a local-event report with an oral presentation. Pass line is 36%.