Nominalisation = verb / adjective se noun: decide → decision, happy → happiness. Noun kya hai = 02. Gerund -ing naam = 44. the / a extra = 46. make a decision collocation = 64. Formal noun-heavy style extra = 69.
1. Kya hai
Exam / formal writing: action ko cheez bana do. They decided to leave. → Their decision to leave…
| Verb sentence | Noun sentence |
|---|---|
| The train arrived late. | The late arrival of the train… |
| She explained the form. | Her explanation of the form… |
| They were happy. | Their happiness… |
Aksar: the + noun + of / possessive + noun (Ravi's decision).
2. Verb → noun
| Verb | Noun | Example |
|---|---|---|
| decide | decision | Their decision to take the metro… |
| arrive | arrival | the late arrival of the train |
| explain | explanation | a clear explanation |
| discuss | discussion | a discussion of the fees (discuss about = I4) |
| refuse / choose | refusal / choice | his refusal to wait / a difficult choice |
| construct / destroy | construction / destruction | the construction of the hall |
| grow / pronounce | growth / pronunciation | the growth of the metro / his pronunciation (not pronounciation) |
3. Adjective → noun + British pairs
| Adjective | Noun |
|---|---|
| happy / proud / strong | happiness / pride / strength |
| able / possible / important | ability / possibility / importance |
| long / high / wide / deep / hot | length / height / width / depth / heat |
| true / poor | truth / poverty |
| Verb | Noun | Yaad rakho |
|---|---|---|
| advise | advice (20: no a/an; some advice) | Please advise me. I need advice. |
| practise | practice | You should practise every day. Practice is important. |
| succeed / believe / live | success / belief / life | his success / a strong belief |
American dono jagah practice — yahan nahi. make a decision = 64. the / a extra = 46.
4. Examples
Bold = noun form.
- They decided to take the metro. → Their decision to take the metro was wise.
- The train arrived late. → The late arrival of the train shocked us.
- She explained the form. → Her explanation of the form helped.
- We discussed the fees. → We had a discussion of the fees.
- He refused to wait. → His refusal to wait surprised Papa.
- The hall was destroyed. → The destruction of the hall…
- The metro has grown. → The growth of the metro has helped.
- We were happy after the match. → Our happiness after the match…
- They were proud. → Their pride was clear.
- Please advise me. I need some advice.
- You should practise every day. Practice is important.
- His pronunciation of "the" is clear.
- She has the ability to wait in a long queue.
- The length of the form surprised us.
- Ravi's choice was the local, not an auto.
5. Common mistakes
The decide was good. / Their decide to leave…
The decision was good. / Their decision to leave…
I need advise. / Please advice me. / an advice
I need advice. / Please advise me. / some advice (20)
You should practice every day. (British verb)
You should practise every day. Practice is important. (noun)
his pronounciation / pronounceation
his pronunciation
Because of they arrived late. / Happiness of we…
Because of their late arrival… / Because they arrived late. Our happiness…
We discussed about the delay. (verb + about)
We discussed the delay. (I4) We had a discussion of the delay. (63)
do a decision / an explanation give me
make a decision (64) / give an explanation
Swimming of Ravi is good. (as 63 naya topic)
Ravi enjoys swimming. (44) His decision to swim… (63)
Hindi note. Faisla = decision, pahunch = arrival, khushi = happiness. British: verb practise / advise; noun practice / advice. advice ginti nahi. Pronounce → pronunciation (extra o nahi).
6. Practice
A. 10 MCQ
B. 5 fill-in
C. 3 sentences
Model answers neeche. Ek decision, ek advice, ek practise.
- decision: Their decision to take the metro was wise.
- advice: I need some advice.
- practise: You should practise every day.
7. Answer key
MCQ
- a) decision — verb decide → noun. decide = verb. deciding = 44 -ing naam.
- a) advice — noun, uncountable (20). advise = verb. advices galat.
- b) practise — British verb. practice = noun. a practice = noun phrase.
- a) arrival — arrive → arrival. arrive / arrived = verb.
- b) explanation — explain → explanation. explanatory = adjective.
- a) pronunciation — no extra o. pronounce = verb.
- a) construction — construct → construction.
- b) pride — proud → pride. proudness nahi.
- a) discussion — discuss → discussion. discuss about = I4.
- b) advise — verb. advice = noun. an advice = 20 galti.
Fill-in
- decision — decide → decision.
- advice — noun.
- practise — British verb.
- pronunciation — not pronounciation.
- I need advice. / I need some advice.
Model sentences
- Their decision to take the metro was wise.
- I need some advice.
- You should practise every day.
Check: verb/adj → noun; the noun of; possessive + noun; advice/advise; practise/practice British; pronunciation; no an advice; discuss (I4) vs discussion; -ing naam = 44; noun types = 02; articles extra = 46; make a decision = 64; formal noun-heavy style extra = 69.