Collocation = words jo saath chalte hain: make a decision, not do a decision. Noun banana = 63. Phrasal matlab-change = 52. Verb + prep (depend on) = 47. Idioms = 65.
1. Kya hai
Collocation = words jo saath chalte. Grammar theek ho, word galat lagta hai. do a mistake samajh aata hai — English me make a mistake kehte hain.
| Yeh words | Yeh nahi |
|---|---|
| make a mistake / a decision / tea | do a mistake / do a decision |
| do homework / the shopping | make homework |
| have breakfast / a shower / a party | take lunch / do a party (British: have) |
List rattna nahi — form pakdo: kaam = aksar do; naya cheez banana / result = aksar make.
2. do / make / have
| Verb | Saath | Example |
|---|---|---|
| do | homework, the washing-up, business, someone a favour, well, the shopping, exercise | Ravi did his homework after chai. |
| make | a mistake, a decision, an effort, tea, a noise, progress, an appointment, money, the bed | We made a decision to take the metro. |
| have | breakfast / lunch / dinner, a look, a rest, a shower, a good time, a headache, a chat, a party | We had breakfast at 8. (not take breakfast) |
British: have a shower / have a bath (American aksar take a shower). decision word = 63; yahan verb make yaad rakho (formal take a decision bhi sunoge).
3. take / give / pay + adjective + noun
| Verb | Saath | Example |
|---|---|---|
| take | a photo, a break, notes, medicine, a bus, place, care | Can I take a photo at Diwali? |
| sit / take | an exam (student) | She will sit the exam on 15 May. (not give the exam) |
| give | a speech, someone a call, a lift, advice (20: uncountable) | Papa gave us a lift to the station. |
| pay | attention, a visit, the bill | Please pay attention to the form. |
| Adjective + noun | Not this |
|---|---|
| heavy rain / traffic | strong rain |
| strong tea / coffee / accent | heavy tea / powerful tea |
| fast food / a fast train | quick food (as the set phrase) |
| a loud noise / a close friend / thick fog | a big noise (possible, loud better) |
Extra: keep a promise, catch a cold, commit a crime (not do a crime). Phrasal put off / look after = 52. good at cricket = 47. Picture-meaning idioms = 65.
4. Examples
Bold = yeh words saath.
- I made a mistake on the form.
- We made a decision to take the metro.
- Ravi did his homework after chai.
- Can you do me a favour?
- We had breakfast at 8, then the local.
- They had a party after the cricket match.
- Can I take a photo of the rangoli?
- She will sit the exam on 15 May.
- Please pay attention in the queue.
- Heavy rain stopped the match.
- Amma likes strong tea, not weak tea.
- Don't make a noise — Papa is on a call.
- I need to make an appointment at the clinic.
- We had a shower after the match. (British)
- Mr Khan gave a speech at the hall.
5. Common mistakes
6. Practice
A. 10 MCQ
B. 5 fill-in
C. 3 sentences
Model answers neeche. Ek make, ek do, ek have / take.
- make a mistake: I made a mistake on the form.
- do homework: Ravi did his homework after chai.
- take a photo: Can I take a photo of the rangoli?
7. Answer key
MCQ
- a) made — make a mistake. did / took galat pair.
- b) do — do homework. make homework nahi.
- c) had — have breakfast. take / make breakfast nahi (British meal).
- b) take — take a photo. make a photo nahi.
- b) Heavy — heavy rain. strong rain nahi (strong = tea).
- b) strong — strong tea. heavy = rain / traffic.
- c) had — have a party. do / make a party nahi.
- a) pay — pay attention. give attention weak.
- b) sit — student sit / take an exam. give = teacher ki galti (student nahi deta).
- b) make — make a noise. do a noise nahi.
Fill-in
- made — make a mistake, past.
- do — do homework.
- had — have breakfast, past.
- Heavy / heavy — heavy rain.
- I made a mistake.
Model sentences
- I made a mistake on the form.
- Ravi did his homework after chai.
- Can I take a photo of the rangoli?
Check: make/do/have/take/give/pay; heavy rain vs strong tea; sit an exam; have a shower British; idioms yahan nahi (65); phrasal yahan nahi (52); depend on = 47; decision word = 63, make a decision = 64.