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Noteclass 9 10

Reported speech — statements

Lesson 42 of 84

B1

Reported speech (statements) = bola → apne words. Reporting past (said) ho to tense (kaal) time peeche (am → was, will → would). Yahan sirf statements. Questions / commands / yesterday → the day before = 56.

1. Kya hai

Direct = uske exact words (quotes). Reported = matlab, quotes nahi. Pronoun badlo. Bola wala verb (said) past ho to tense ek step peeche (time peeche).

Ravi: "I am tired." → Ravi said (that) he was tired.

2. say / tell / that / pronouns

Verb Yes No
say He said (that) he was tired. He said to me that… He said me that…
tell He told me (that) he was tired. She told Ravi… He told that… / He told to me…

that = jodne wala word, optional. Relative who / which / that = 43.

Direct Reported (Ravi about himself)
I / my / we / our he / his / they / their (ya she / her)
you / your (to me) I / me / my

3. Tense time peeche: said → one step back

Direct After said / told
am / is was
are were
like / have / don't liked / had / didn't
will would
can could
am / is going to was going to

Reporting says (abhi bhi sach): aksar tense mat hatao — Ravi says he is busy. asked if / told me to / yesterday → the day before = 56.

4. Examples

Bold = change.

  1. "I am tired." → He said he was tired.
  2. "I like cricket." → She said she liked cricket.
  3. "I have homework." → He told me he had homework.
  4. "We are at home." → They said they were at home.
  5. "I don't like tea." → She said she didn't like tea.
  6. "My name is Ananya." → She said her name was Ananya.
  7. "I will come." → He said he would come.
  8. "I will call you." → She said she would call me.
  9. "I can cook." → He said he could cook.
  10. "I am going to Pune." → She said she was going to Pune.
  11. "I am making chai." → Amma said she was making chai.
  12. He told me (that) he was late.
  13. The teacher said we were late.
  14. Ravi says he is busy. (says = time peeche nahi)
  15. "I am fine." → I said I was fine.

5. Common mistakes

He told that he was tired.
He said that he was tired. / He told me that he was tired.
He said me he was tired.
He told me he was tired. / He said to me he was tired.
He told to me that he was late.
He told me that he was late.
Ravi said I am tired. (Ravi about himself)
Ravi said he was tired.
She said she will come.
She said she would come.
He said he can cook.
He said he could cook.
He asked that he was tired. / He told me to come. (yahan)
asked / told me to = 56. Yahan statements only.
Ravi says he was busy. (abhi bhi sach, says)
Ravi says he is busy. / Ravi said he was busy.
Hindi note. Hindi "usne kaha ki" = said that. tell ke baad person lazmi: told me / told Ravi, nahi told that. said ke baad person nahi (bina to). Quotes hatao. I → he/she. said ke baad present → past, will → would, can → could.

6. Practice

A. 10 MCQ

1. "I am tired." → He said he ______ tired.
2. She ______ me that she was busy.
3. He ______ that he was tired.
4. "I will come." → He said he ______ come.
5. "I can cook." → She said she ______ cook.
6. "I like cricket." → She said she ______ cricket.
7. Ravi says, "I am busy." (still true) → Ravi says he ______ busy.
8. "I will call you." (to me) → She said she would call ______.
9. He told ______ that he was late.
10. "We are at home." → They said they ______ at home.

B. 5 fill-in

1. "I am tired." → He said he ______ tired.

2. She ______ me that she was busy. (tell)

3. "I will come." → He said he ______ come.

4. "I can cook." → She said she ______ cook.

5. Sahi karo: He told that he was tired.

C. 3 sentences

Model answers neeche. Ek said, ek told me, ek would.

  1. said: He said he was tired.
  2. told me: She told me she was busy.
  3. will → would: He said he would come.

7. Answer key

MCQ
  1. b) was — said + am → was. is = time peeche nahi. were = plural / you.
  2. a) told — tell + person. said me galat. told to galat.
  3. c) said — say, no person. told needs me. said me galat.
  4. b) would — will → would after said. will = time peeche nahi. was ≠ come.
  5. a) could — can → could. can = time peeche nahi. would = will ka pair.
  6. b) liked — present → past. likes = time peeche nahi. like = asal verb.
  7. c) is — says (present) + still true = time peeche nahi. was = said.
  8. a) me — you (to me) → me. you same nahi. I subject.
  9. b) me — told me, not told to me.
  10. a) were — are → were. was = singular. are = time peeche nahi.
Fill-in
  1. was — am → was.
  2. told — tell + me.
  3. would — will → would.
  4. could — can → could.
  5. He said that he was tired. / He told me that he was tired. — tell needs a person.
Model sentences
  1. He said he was tired.
  2. She told me she was busy.
  3. He said he would come.

Check: said (no person) / told me; that optional; I → he/she; said → was/liked/would/could (time peeche); says → aksar time peeche nahi; no told that / said me; questions, commands, time-words = 56; relative that = 43.