noteswale
Noteclass 6 8

Articles — a / an / the

Lesson 4 of 84

A1

Article = noun (naam) se pehle chhota word. A1 pe teen: a, an, the.

1. Kya hai

a / an = koi ek, pehli baar. the = khaas wahi, jo dono jaante hain.

I see a dog. The dog is brown.

Pehli baar koi bhi dog → a. Doosri baar wahi dog → the.

a / an sirf ek cheez ke saath jo gini jaaye (singular countable): a bag, an apple. a bags aur a water A1 pe galat.

2. a ya an — letter nahi, sound

Article Rule Example
a Agla sound consonant ho (swar nahi: b, c, d…) a cat, a book, a mango, a university
an Agla sound vowel ho (vowel = swar: a, e, i, o, u jaisa sunai de) an apple, an egg, an hour, an honest man

Yaad karo: spelling se mat decide karo — suno.

Word Pehla sound Sahi
university you — consonant sound (swar nahi) a university
European you — consonant sound (swar nahi) a European city
hour our — h nahi bolte, vowel (swar) sound an hour
honest h nahi bolte, vowel (swar) sound an honest girl
umbrella u jaise up — vowel an umbrella

Job / class ke saath bhi: I am a student. She is an engineer.

3. the kab

Rule Example
Pehle aa chuka / dono jaante hain kaun si cheez I bought a pen. The pen is blue.
Duniya me ek hi the sun, the moon, the sky
Jaani-maani building (aksar) the Taj Mahal, the Red Fort
Jo cheez dikh rahi / pata hai (this / that) the bag on the chair

A1 pe the mat lagana

Jagah Sahi Galat
Insaan ka naam Ravi the Ravi
Zyadatar sheher / desh Delhi, India the Delhi, the India
Roz school jaana (general) I go to school. I go to the school. (roz ke liye)

Yeh baad me: the USA, the UK, the Ganga. A1: roz school jaana = school bina the.

4. Examples

Bold = article.

  1. I have a bag.
  2. She ate an apple.
  3. He is a teacher.
  4. Rina is an artist.
  5. Wait an hour.
  6. He studies at a university.
  7. I see a cat. The cat is white.
  8. The sun is hot.
  9. The Taj Mahal is in Agra.
  10. Please close the door.
  11. I live in India. (bina a/an/the)
  12. My name is Kabir. (bina a/an/the)
  13. I go to school at 8. (no the)
  14. There is an umbrella on the table.
  15. This is an honest answer.

5. Common mistakes

I am engineer.
I am an engineer.
a apple
an apple
an university
a university
a hour
an hour
She is a honest girl.
She is an honest girl.
the India
India
I go to the school every day.
I go to school every day.
a bags
bags / the bags
Hindi note. Hindi me a/an/the jaisa chhota word nahi hota, isliye nahi lagta: "Main engineer hoon" → English me I am an engineer. a/an ke liye akshar mat dekho — sunai dene wala sound dekho. Roz ke school/home ke liye extra the mat lagana.

6. Practice

A. 10 MCQ

1. apple se pehle?
2. book se pehle?
3. university se pehle?
4. hour se pehle?
5. I see a dog. ______ dog is brown.
6. Duniya me ek hi: ______ sun is bright.
7. Sahi sentence?
8. Desh ka naam?
9. Roz school?
10. Sahi kaun si hai?

B. 5 fill-in

1. I have ______ orange. (a / an / the)

2. He waited ______ hour.

3. She studies at ______ university.

4. ______ moon is in the sky. (duniya me ek hi)

5. Poori sentence sahi karo: i am engineer.

C. 3 sentences

Model answers neeche.

  1. a ya an se ek sentence (koi ek cheez).
  2. the se ek sentence (khaas / duniya me ek hi).
  3. Apna kaam/class: I am a / an …

7. Answer key

MCQ
  1. b) an — apple vowel (swar) sound se shuru.
  2. a) a — book consonant sound b (swar nahi).
  3. c) a — university ka sound you hai, swar nahi. an university galat.
  4. b) an — hour me h nahi bolte, vowel (swar) sound.
  5. a) The — wahi dog doosri baar, khaas wahi.
  6. c) The — sun duniya me ek hi hai.
  7. b) I am an engineer. — job ek cheez jo gini jaaye; engineer swar sound.
  8. a) I live in India. — zyadatar desh ke naam se pehle the nahi.
  9. c) I go to school every day. — roz jaana; the nahi.
  10. b) She is an honest girl. — honest me h nahi bolte.
Fill-in
  1. an — orange vowel (swar) sound.
  2. an — hour = vowel (swar) sound.
  3. a — university = you sound.
  4. The — moon duniya me ek hi. (the bhi theek agar chhota t ho, lekin sentence start pe The.)
  5. I am an engineer. — I capital; job se pehle an.
Model sentences
  1. I have a bag. / She ate an apple.
  2. The sun is hot. / Please open the door.
  3. I am a student.

Check: a/an sound se; the khaas / ek-hi pe; I am a/an + job ya student.