noteswale
Noteclass 6 8

Nouns

Lesson 2 of 84

A1

Noun = naam wala word — insaan, jagah, janwar, ya cheez. Is page pe do kaam: common noun (aam naam) aur proper noun (khaas naam), aur singular (ek) / plural (ek se zyada).

1. Kya hai

Noun kisi ka naam hota hai. Insaan, jagah, janwar, cheez — in sabke names nouns hain.

Type Example Hindi
Person girl, teacher, Ravi insaan ka naam
Place city, school, Delhi jagah ka naam
Animal cat, dog, lion janwar ka naam
Thing bag, book, mango cheez ka naam

Feelings/time jaise words (love, time) baad me aayenge. A1 pe pehle yeh chaar.

2. Common noun (aam naam) aur proper noun (khaas naam)

Common noun (aam naam) Proper noun (khaas naam)
Matlab Aam naam — koi bhi (city, boy) Khaas naam — sirf ek (Lucknow, Rohan)
Capital Small letters (sentence start chhod ke) Hamesha capital
Person boy, girl, teacher Rohan, Ananya, Mr Khan
Place city, country, river Mumbai, India, the Ganga
Day / month day, month Friday, October
Festival festival Diwali, Eid, Christmas

Test: kya yeh koi bhi ho sakta hai, ya ek khaas naam hai? city = koi bhi sheher (common). Lucknow = ek khaas sheher (proper).

3. Singular aur plural

Singular = ek. Plural = ek se zyada. Jo cheez gini jaaye (ek bag, do bags), uska plural aksar spelling se banta hai.

A. Aam plurals (rule se)

Rule Singular Plural
Zyadatar words: +s cat, bag, book cats, bags, books
-s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x, -z ke baad +es bus, class, dish, watch, box buses, classes, dishes, watches, boxes
Consonant (swar nahi: b, t, d…) + y → ies baby, city, story babies, cities, stories
Vowel (swar: a, e, i, o, u) + y → sirf +s boy, day, key boys, days, keys
Kuch -o: +es mango, potato, tomato mangoes, potatoes, tomatoes
Kuch -f / -fe → ves leaf, knife, wife leaves, knives, wives

Rule se alag, yaad rakhna: roof → roofs (rooves nahi). photo → photos, radio → radios (sirf +s).

B. Rule se alag plurals — yaad karo

Singular Plural Galat mat likhna
manmenmans
womanwomenwomans
childchildrenchilds
personpeoplepersons — A1 pe people likho
toothteethtooths
footfeetfoots
mousemicemouses
sheepsheepsheeps
fishfishfishes — A1: two fish

Abhi water, rice, milk jaise words ka plural mat banao (waters, rices galat). Yeh gini nahi jaati — yeh baad me: topic 20.

4. Examples

Bold = noun (naam).

  1. Ravi is a boy.
  2. Delhi is a city.
  3. The cat is on the mat.
  4. I have two bags.
  5. These boxes are heavy.
  6. The babies are asleep.
  7. Three children are in the park.
  8. My feet are tired.
  9. Two sheep are in the field.
  10. Ananya lives in Jaipur.
  11. We eat mangoes in summer.
  12. The knives are in the drawer.
  13. India is a country.
  14. Monday is a day.
  15. The men are teachers.

5. Common mistakes

two childs
two children
many citys
many cities
three sheeps
three sheep
ravi is a Boy.
Ravi is a boy.
two box
two boxes
the leafs are green
The leaves are green.
two womans
two women
two mango
two mangoes
Hindi note. Hindi me naam ka chhota-bada akshar nahi badalta. English me proper noun (khaas naam: Ravi, Delhi, Monday) hamesha capital. Plural me har baar sirf -s mat laga dena: child → children, city → cities, box → boxes, sheep → sheep.

6. Practice

A. 10 MCQ

1. Noun kya hota hai?
2. Common noun (aam naam) kaun sa hai?
3. Proper noun (khaas naam) kaun sa hai?
4. cat ka plural?
5. box ka plural?
6. baby ka plural?
7. child ka plural?
8. city ka plural?
9. Proper noun (khaas naam) kaun sa hai?
10. sheep ka plural?

B. 5 fill-in

1. A noun names a person, place, animal or ______.

2. one book, two ______

3. Isko sahi khaas naam (proper noun) ke saath likho: we live in jaipur.

4. Plural of man = ______

5. Plural of class = ______

C. 3 sentences

Apne words me likho. Neeche model answers hain.

  1. Ek sentence: ek common noun (aam naam) use karo (bag, school, dog).
  2. Ek sentence: ek proper noun (khaas naam) use karo (naam ya sheher).
  3. Ek sentence: ek plural noun (ek se zyada) use karo.

7. Answer key

MCQ
  1. b) Naming word — Noun naam hota hai. Run ek kaam hai, red rang batata hai.
  2. a) city — General word. Delhi aur India khaas names hain, isliye proper.
  3. c) Ananya — Khaas person ka naam. girl aur teacher general hain.
  4. b) cats — Zyadatar nouns me sirf +s.
  5. c) boxes — -x ke baad +es. boxs galat hai.
  6. a) babies — Swar nahi + y → ies. babys galat hai.
  7. b) children — Rule se alag. childs English me nahi chalta.
  8. b) cities — city = swar nahi + y → cities.
  9. a) Monday — Din ka khaas naam (proper noun), isliye capital. day / month aam naam hain.
  10. c) sheep — Singular aur plural same. sheeps galat hai.
Fill-in
  1. thing — Noun ke chaar basic types: person, place, animal, thing.
  2. books — Aam plural: book + s.
  3. We live in Jaipur. — Sentence start capital; sheher ka khaas naam, isliye Jaipur.
  4. men — Rule se alag: man → men, mans nahi.
  5. classes — -ss ke baad +es.
Model sentences
  1. The bag is red.
  2. I live in Surat.
  3. The books are on the table.

Aapke nouns alag ho sakte hain. Check: aam naam small (beech me), khaas naam capital, plural spelling sahi, full stop.