Unit 7 — MCQ Practice Bank: 25 questions based on the official MGSU syllabus and PYQ analysis. Tap Show Answer to check yourself. 🔥 = high priority, ⭐ = important.
Q1. The world population crossed the 8-billion mark in which year? Expected
- 1999
- 2011
- 2022
- 2030
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Answer: C — The world's population passed 8 billion in 2022, with most of the growth coming from developing nations.
Q2. India became the world's most populous country in — Expected ⭐
- 2021
- 2023
- 2022
- 2025
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Answer: B — India overtook China as the most populous country in 2023.
Q3. Compared with developing nations, developed nations typically have — Expected
- Rapid population growth
- High birth and death rates
- A fast-growing young population
- A stable or ageing population
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Answer: D — In developed nations both birth and death rates are low, so growth is near-zero and the population ages; developing nations grow fast.
Q4. Population change in a country depends on three factors. Which trio is correct? Expected
- Birth rate, death rate and migration
- Literacy, income and rainfall
- Exports, imports and trade balance
- Temperature, pressure and humidity
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Answer: A — The birth rate adds people, the death rate subtracts them, and migration moves people in or out.
Q5. The birth rate is officially calculated as the number of live births per 1,000 people over which period? PYQ 2021 🔥
- Per month
- Per year
- Per decade
- Per century
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Answer: B — Birth rate = live births per 1,000 people per year. "Per thousand per year" is the exact definition; per hundred is a common trap.
Q6. Which combination of conditions defines a population explosion? PYQ 2021 🔥
- Low birth rate with a high death rate
- High migration into cities
- Low birth rate with a low death rate
- High birth rate with a falling death rate
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Answer: D — When the birth rate stays high while better healthcare, food and sanitation push the death rate down, numbers shoot up — that gap is the population explosion.
Q7. Which of the following is a CAUSE — not an effect — of population explosion? Expected
- Unemployment
- Housing shortage
- Son preference
- Poverty
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Answer: C — Son preference (like early marriage and lack of education) drives the birth rate up; unemployment, housing shortage and poverty are its effects.
Q8. Which of the following is an EFFECT of population explosion? Expected
- Food and water shortage
- Falling death rate
- Early marriage
- Lack of education
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Answer: A — Rapid growth strains supplies — food and water shortage, unemployment, poverty and housing shortage are classic effects; the other options are causes.
Q9. India launched the world's first national Family Welfare Programme in which year? Expected ⭐
- 1947
- 1952
- 1971
- 1991
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Answer: B — India started the world's first family welfare programme in 1952 — focused on contraception, maternal-child health and awareness; it now runs as Reproductive and Child Health (RCH).
Q10. Air pollution is most directly linked to which group of diseases? Expected
- Cholera and typhoid
- Cancer and skin disorders
- High blood pressure alone
- Asthma, bronchitis and lung diseases
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Answer: D — Polluted air attacks the respiratory system — asthma, bronchitis and other lung diseases — while water pollution brings cholera and typhoid.
Q11. Which pair of diseases spreads mainly through polluted water? Expected ⭐
- Cholera and typhoid
- Asthma and bronchitis
- Cancer and skin disorders
- Stress and hearing loss
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Answer: A — Contaminated water carries water-borne infections like cholera, typhoid, diarrhoea and hepatitis.
Q12. Exposure to pesticides and industrial chemical waste is mainly associated with — Expected
- Diarrhoea
- Hearing loss
- Cancer and skin disorders
- High blood pressure
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Answer: C — Chemical exposure — pesticides, industrial waste — is linked to cancer and skin disorders, not to the infections that polluted water causes.
Q13. Noise pollution is a known risk factor for — Expected
- Typhoid
- High blood pressure
- Hepatitis
- Skin disorders
Show Answer
Answer: B — Chronic noise causes stress, hearing loss and high blood pressure — it is a health hazard, not just a nuisance.
Q14. The Stockholm Declaration of 1972 is important because it — PYQ ⭐
- Created the Paris Agreement
- Set up the Kyoto Protocol
- Banned plastic worldwide
- Declared a fundamental right to a healthy environment
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Answer: D — Stockholm 1972 recognised the human right to adequate conditions of life in an environment permitting dignity and well-being — the "right to a healthy environment".
Q15. Indian courts have read environmental protection into which fundamental right? Expected
- Right to life (Article 21)
- Right to education
- Right to property
- Right to vote
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Answer: A — A polluted environment violates the right to life itself — so courts have read environmental protection into Article 21.
Q16. According to the syllabus, value education matters because — Expected
- It increases industrial output
- It boosts economic growth
- It builds responsibility towards nature and future generations
- It speeds up urbanisation
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Answer: C — Value education builds respect for nature, compassion for living beings and responsibility towards future generations — without the right values, laws and technology alone cannot save the environment.
Q17. Which statement correctly distinguishes HIV from AIDS? PYQ 🔥
- AIDS is the virus and HIV is its final stage
- HIV is the virus; AIDS is its advanced stage
- HIV and AIDS are two names for the same virus
- HIV spreads only through air, AIDS only through water
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Answer: B — HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) attacks the immune system, and AIDS is the advanced stage of that infection — never swap the two.
Q18. HIV can be transmitted from an infected mother to her child, and also through — Expected
- Touching the patient
- Hugging the patient
- Sharing food with the patient
- Sharing infected needles
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Answer: D — HIV spreads via unprotected sex, infected blood transfusion, shared infected needles and mother-to-child transmission — casual contact is not a route.
Q19. HIV does NOT spread through which of the following? PYQ ⭐
- Sharing food with an infected person
- Unprotected sex
- Infected blood transfusion
- Sharing infected needles
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Answer: A — Touch, hugging, sharing food and mosquito bites cannot transmit HIV — knowing the non-routes is a favourite exam trap.
Q20. World AIDS Day is observed every year on — PYQ 🔥
- 1 June
- 11 July
- 5 June
- 1 December
Show Answer
Answer: D — World AIDS Day falls on 1 December (symbol: the red ribbon) — it is the global day of HIV/AIDS awareness.
Q21. The red ribbon is the internationally recognised symbol of — Expected
- Blood donation
- Polio eradication
- HIV/AIDS awareness
- Organ donation
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Answer: C — The red ribbon stands for HIV/AIDS awareness and solidarity — paired in the notes with World AIDS Day, 1 December.
Q22. Janani Suraksha Yojana supports pregnant women mainly by — PYQ 2021 🔥
- Giving pension to widows
- Funding primary education
- Building shelters for the poor
- Encouraging hospital (institutional) delivery with cash assistance
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Answer: D — The scheme promotes safe motherhood and institutional delivery — mothers who deliver in hospitals get cash assistance — cutting maternal and infant deaths.
Q23. The ICDS programme provides nutrition, immunisation and pre-school education to — Expected
- Children under six
- Adults above eighteen
- Senior citizens
- Only pregnant women
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Answer: A — Integrated Child Development Services targets children under six — nutrition, immunisation and pre-school education in one package.
Q24. In the context of women and child welfare, IMR stands for — Expected
- International Mortality Ratio
- Infant Mortality Rate
- Indian Medical Report
- Immunisation Monitoring Register
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Answer: B — IMR = Infant Mortality Rate; bringing down IMR and MMR (Maternal Mortality Ratio) is the goal of programmes like Janani Suraksha Yojana.
Q25. Which statement correctly pairs IT tools with their roles in environment and health? PYQ
- GIS tracks disease outbreaks; telemedicine maps forest cover
- GIS stores health records; remote sensing delivers vaccines
- GIS and remote sensing track forest cover and map pollution; telemedicine brings healthcare to remote villages
- Telemedicine manages disasters; GIS conducts vaccinations
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Answer: C — GIS and remote sensing serve the environment (forest cover, pollution mapping, disaster management), while telemedicine, health records and disease surveillance serve health.