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Indian National Movement

Lesson 44 of 113

Is topic pe kya aata hai

Paper poochta hai: INC kab, pehla president kaun, Bengal partition, Jallianwala, Chauri Chaura, Dandi start vs namak todna, Purna Swaraj 26 Jan kaun sa saal, Quit India slogan, Bose INA, 15 August. Yeh poore Hindustan ka azadi ka silsila hai — riyasaton ka merge nahi, Constitution ke articles nahi.

Yahan lock

1857 Meerut–Crown. INC 1885 Hume / W.C. Banerjee. 1905 Swadeshi, 1907 Surat, 1916 Lucknow. Gandhi: Champaran 1917, NCM 1920–22, CDM 1930, QIM 1942. 26 Jan 1930 ≠ 1950. 15 Aug 1947. Praja Mandal / Pathik / Gokulbhai — chhoti RJ line.

Yahan mat ghusao

7-stage, 30 Mar 1949, Haldighati, Nasirabad–Auwa detail — history. Preamble, FR, DPSP, Parliament — Constitution. 41 zila / HC Jodhpur — administration. Godawan, Khejarli 1730 — wildlife.

Teen tarikh mix mat: 26 Jan 1930 Purna Swaraj pledge. 15 Aug 1947 azadi. 26 Jan 1950 Republic / Constitution — agla extra.

1857 — Company se Crown

Books “First War of Independence” (Savarkar) ya “Sepoy Mutiny” (British). Exam: greased cartridge spark; asl mein Doctrine of Lapse, pension band, dharm-samaj darr bhi.

  • 29 Mar 1857 Mangal Pandey, Barrackpore. 10 May Meerut se Delhi.
  • Delhi — Bahadur Shah Zafar. Kanpur — Nana Saheb. Jhansi — Lakshmi Bai. Lucknow — Begum Hazrat Mahal. Bihar — Kunwar Singh. Tantia Tope.
  • 1858 GOI Act: East India Company khatam, Crown. Victoria Proclamation 1 Nov 1858 — dharm mein dakhal nahi, Lapse dhima.
Trap. Nasirabad 28 May, Kota, Auwa Kushal Singh — Rajasthan history. Yahan Meerut–Delhi. Khejarli 1730 Bishnoi — wildlife, 1857 nahi.

Congress, Swadeshi, Lucknow

LockYaad
INC 28–31 Dec 1885, Bombay, Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit CollegeA.O. Hume organise. Pehla president Womesh Chandra Banerjee, ~72 delegates. Hume ≠ president.
Moderate ~1885–1905Dadabhai Naoroji (Drain), Gokhale, Pherozeshah Mehta — petition, 3 P: Prayer–Petition–Protest.
Bengal partition 16 Oct 1905 CurzonSwadeshi + boycott. Lal–Bal–Pal. Annul 1911, capital Calcutta→Delhi.
Muslim League 30 Dec 1906 DaccaNawab Salimullah. Morley–Minto 1909 = alag Muslim electorate.
Surat 1907Moderate vs Extremist split.
Lucknow 1916Congress–League pact + Moderate–Extremist milna. Surat ka ulta.
Home Rule 1916Tilak (Pune) + Annie Besant (Adyar). “Swaraj is my birthright” = Tilak, Gandhi ka “Do or Die” nahi.

Acts yahan andolan ke liye: 1909 alag vote, 1919 Montagu–Chelmsford dyarchy province, 1935 provincial autonomy + dyarchy centre. Article-by-article Constitution extra pe.

Gandhi — local se mass

South Africa ke baad India 1915. Pehle teen satyagraha, phir desh-bhar.

  1. Champaran 1917 (Bihar) — teenkathia indigo. Pehli India satyagraha.
  2. Ahmedabad mill 1918 — bonus/wage. Hunger strike.
  3. Kheda 1918 (Gujarat) — lagan, crop fail. Patel saath.
  4. Rowlatt 1919 — bina trial qaid. Satyagraha. Uske saath Jallianwala 13 Apr 1919 Amritsar, Baisakhi, General Dyer (O’Dwyer Punjab Governor). Tagore knighthood wapas. Hunter Committee.
  5. Khilafat + Non-cooperation 1920–22 — schools/courts/titles boycott, khadi. Calcutta Sept / Nagpur Dec 1920. Tilak 1 Aug 1920 guzar gaye; NCM usi saal.
  6. Chauri Chaura 4 Feb 1922 Gorakhpur — thana jalaya, ~22 sipahi. CWC Bardoli 12 Feb 1922 se NCM band. Kuchh kitab 5 Feb — lock 4 Feb. Trap: 1928 Bardoli = no-tax, Vallabhbhai Patel — alag satyagraha.

Baad: Swaraj Party 1923 C.R. Das + Motilal Nehru — Council ke andar. Simon Commission 1927 announce, 1928 India, saare gore; Lala Lajpat Rai 1928 Lahore lathi. Nehru Report 1928 (Motilal). Jinnah 14 points. Lahore Congress Dec 1929 Jawaharlal president — Purna Swaraj; pledge din 26 Jan 1930.

Dandi aur 1930s

12 Mar 1930 Sabarmati, 78 log ~240 mil / 24 din Gujarat coast 6 Apr 1930 namak toda, 8:30

Start aur todna do tarikh. 15 August nahi. Dandi Gujarat; RJ unification nahi.

  • Civil Disobedience = namak + jungle + lagan. Women (Sarojini Naidu Dharasana).
  • Round Table: 1st 1930 Congress gair-hazir. Gandhi–Irwin Pact 5 Mar 1931. 2nd RTC Gandhi akela Congress. 3rd 1932.
  • Communal Award 16 Aug 1932 Ramsay MacDonald (Dalit alag electorate). Gandhi fast. Poona Pact 24 Sep 1932 Gandhi–Ambedkar — reserved seats, alag electorate nahi.
  • GOI Act 1935 — 1937 Congress ministries; WWII 1939 mein resign (Linlithgow ne India ko war mein daala bina pooche).
Trap. Award ≠ Pact. Award British. Pact jail-Yerwada ke baad Gandhi–Ambedkar. “Ambedkar ne Award diya” galat.

Quit India, INA, 1947

EventLock
August Offer 1940Individual Satyagraha — pehla Vinoba Bhave, phir Nehru.
Cripps 1942Dominion after war. Gandhi: “post-dated cheque on a crashing bank.”
Quit India 8 Aug 1942Bombay, Gowalia Tank / August Kranti Maidan. “Do or Die”. Leaders turant jail. Parallel: underground, Aruna Asaf Ali flag.
INA / Azad HindBose: Haripura 1938, Tripuri 1939 president, Forward Bloc. Germany → Japan. Provisional Govt 21 Oct 1943 Singapore. Slogan “Give me blood…” Bose, Gandhi ka nahi.
INA trials 1945–46Red Fort. Bar: Bhulabhai Desai, Tej Bahadur Sapru, Nehru.
RIN mutiny Feb 1946Navy Bombay. Cabinet Mission 1946. Direct Action 16 Aug 1946 League, Calcutta killings.
Mountbatten / Independence Act15 Aug 1947 azadi + partition. Nehru Tryst with Destiny. 30 March RJ Diwas 1949 alag.

Krantikari — naam-saal

Satyagraha ke parallel bomb-pistol line. Mix mat: Bhagat Singh 23 March ≠ Dandi 6 April.

  • Chapekar 1897 Pune. Alipore 1908 Khudiram / Aurobindo. India House Shyamji Krishna Varma.
  • Ghadar 1913–15 (US–Punjab). Kakori 1925 Bismil–Ashfaq. HSRA. Assembly bomb 1929 Bhagat Singh + B.K. Dutt.
  • 23 Mar 1931 Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, Sukhdev — Lahore. Chittagong 1930 Surya Sen. Saunders murder Lala ki lathi ke baad.

Rajasthan — andolan, merge nahi

Yahan sirf azadi / kisan / Praja Mandal. 7-stage, Rajpramukh, 41 zila mat.

  • Vijay Singh Pathik — Bijolia (Mewar) kisan, “Rajasthan ke kisan andolan ke pita” books. Begun bhi. 1857 nahi.
  • Motilal Tejawat — Eki / Bhil, Mewar ki Pukar 21 maang.
  • Govind Giri — Samp Sabha; Mangarh 17 Nov 1913 firing (Banswara–Sunth). Jallianwala se pehle tribal.
  • Neemuchana 14 May 1925 Alwar — Gandhi ne Young India mein Jallianwala se bhi tez kaha. Yahan Alwar kisan, Amritsar 1919 nahi.
  • Praja Mandal riyasaton mein nagarik: Mewar Manikya Lal Verma; Jaipur Hiralal Shastri / Jamnalal Bajaj; Jodhpur Jai Narayan Vyas; Sirohi Gokulbhai Bhatt (Rajasthan ke Gandhi). Unification PM baad mein history pe.

Fence: Praja Mandal = riyasat vs jagirdar/British. Congress ka Dandi Gujarat. 30 March Patel + 4 badi riyasat = history.

Q-bank

Q1

INC pehla session — jagah, president?

  1. Calcutta, Hume president
  2. Bombay 1885, W.C. Banerjee; Hume organise
  3. Lahore 1929, Nehru
  4. Surat 1907, Tilak

Solution

  1. Do naam

    Hume founder-organiser, pehla chair Banerjee. C Purna Swaraj. D split.

AnswerB
Q2

Jallianwala Bagh sahi jod?

  1. 13 Apr 1919 Amritsar, Dyer
  2. 16 Oct 1905, Curzon
  3. 4 Feb 1922, Chauri Chaura
  4. 8 Aug 1942, Bombay

Solution

  1. Baisakhi

    Curzon Bengal. Chauri Chaura NCM band. 8 Aug QIM.

AnswerA
Q3

Chauri Chaura ke baad Gandhi ne kya kiya?

  1. Quit India shuru
  2. Non-cooperation turant band (himsa)
  3. Dandi march
  4. INA Singapore

Solution

  1. 1922

    4 Feb Gorakhpur. Dandi 1930. QIM 1942. Bose alag line.

AnswerB
Q4

Dandi: start aur namak todna?

  1. 15 Aug 1947 dono
  2. 12 Mar 1930 Sabarmati start; 6 Apr namak
  3. 26 Jan 1950
  4. 8 Aug 1942 Gowalia Tank

Solution

  1. 78 + 24 din

    ~240 mil. 6 Apr subah. 26 Jan 1950 Constitution extra.

AnswerB
Q5

26 January 1930 paper mein kya?

  1. Republic Day, Constitution lagu
  2. Purna Swaraj pledge (Lahore Dec 1929 ke baad)
  3. Rajasthan Diwas
  4. Mangala oil

Solution

  1. Do 26 Jan

    1930 Purna Swaraj pledge (Lahore Dec 1929). 1950 Republic / Constitution lagu. 30 Mar RJ Diwas history. Mangala = Barmer tel 29 Aug 2009 — RJ economy, INM nahi.

AnswerB
Q6

“Do or Die” kis andolan / kaun?

  1. Tilak, Home Rule
  2. Gandhi, Quit India 8 Aug 1942
  3. Bose, INA
  4. Bhagat Singh, 23 Mar

Solution

  1. Slogan

    Tilak = Swaraj birthright. Bose = blood. Bhagat date alag.

AnswerB
Q7

Poona Pact 1932 sahi?

  1. MacDonald ka Communal Award hi Pact hai
  2. Gandhi–Ambedkar: reserved seats, alag Dalit electorate nahi
  3. Lucknow 1916 League pact
  4. Gandhi–Irwin namak

Solution

  1. Award pehle

    16 Aug Award. 24 Sep Pact. Lucknow/Irwin alag saal.

AnswerB
Q8

Surat 1907 vs Lucknow 1916?

  1. Dono split
  2. Surat split Moderate–Extremist; Lucknow milna + Congress–League
  3. Dono Dandi
  4. Lucknow 1857

Solution

  1. Ulta

    1907 tootna, 1916 judna. 1857 Begum Lucknow alag.

AnswerB
Q9

Azad Hind / INA lock?

  1. Gandhi 1920 NCM
  2. Bose, 21 Oct 1943 Singapore provisional govt
  3. Pathik, Bijolia
  4. Hume, 1885

Solution

  1. Doosri line

    Satyagraha nahi. Pathik RJ kisan. Hume INC.

AnswerB
Q10

30 March 1949, Article 21, Godawan. Is chapter?

  1. Haan, teenon INM
  2. Nahi — RJ history / Constitution / wildlife
  3. Haan, Diwas = 15 Aug
  4. Haan, Godawan = Ghadar

Solution

  1. Fence

    Diwas unification. FR Constitution extra. Bustard wildlife. 15 Aug 1947 yahan.

AnswerB

Practice

12345 678910
P1

1858 ke baad India ka hukum?

  1. East India Company jaari
  2. British Crown / Secretary of State
  3. INC sarkar
  4. Rajpramukh Jaipur

Solution

  1. Company khatam

    GOI Act 1858. Rajpramukh 1949–56 history. INC 1885 petition club.

AnswerB
P2

Gandhi ki pehli India satyagraha?

  1. Dandi 1930
  2. Champaran 1917 indigo
  3. Quit India
  4. Khejarli 1730

Solution

  1. Bihar

    Phir mill, Kheda. Khejarli Bishnoi wildlife.

AnswerB
P3

Lahore 1929 Congress president + maang?

  1. Gokhale, petition
  2. Jawaharlal Nehru, Purna Swaraj
  3. Jinnah, 14 points as Congress
  4. Hume, 72 delegates

Solution

  1. Jawani

    Pehle Dominion bhi chalta; ab complete independence. Jinnah League.

AnswerB
P4

Cripps Mission 1942 Congress ne kyun thukraya?

  1. Turant poori azadi nahi, war ke baad Dominion — “post-dated cheque”
  2. Namak tax hata diya tha
  3. INA jeet gayi thi
  4. 41 zila maange

Solution

  1. WWII

    Baad mein QIM. Zile administration. Namak 1930.

AnswerA
P5

Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, Sukhdev?

  1. 6 Apr 1930 Dandi
  2. 23 Mar 1931 phaansi
  3. 15 Aug 1947
  4. 13 Apr 1919

Solution

  1. Shaheed din

    Ab Shaheed Diwas. Dandi/Jallianwala/azadi alag.

AnswerB
P6

Vijay Singh Pathik kis se jude?

  1. Dandi 78 volunteers
  2. Bijolia kisan, Mewar
  3. INA Singapore
  4. Hunter Committee

Solution

  1. RJ line

    Nasirabad 1857 history. Pathik 20th c. peasant.

AnswerB
P7

Morley–Minto 1909 ki nishani?

  1. Provincial autonomy 1935
  2. Muslim alag electorate
  3. Dyarchy 1919
  4. Purna Swaraj

Solution

  1. Teen act

    1909 alag vote. 1919 dyarchy province. 1935 autonomy. Purna Swaraj Congress 1929.

AnswerB
P8

Gokulbhai Bhatt?

  1. Sirohi Praja Mandal, Rajasthan ke Gandhi
  2. Bengal partition Curzon
  3. Red Fort INA judge
  4. Makrana khaan

Solution

  1. Praja

    Unification CM nahi. Khaan economy.

AnswerA
P9

Individual Satyagraha 1940 pehla naam?

  1. Gandhi khud pehle jail
  2. Vinoba Bhave, phir Nehru
  3. Bose Germany se
  4. Dyer

Solution

  1. August Offer ke baad

    Chuna hua satyagrahi. Bose INA. Dyer 1919.

AnswerB
P10

Ghoomar, 5 tiger reserve, Preamble “We the People”. Is chapter?

  1. Haan, teenon 1942
  2. Nahi — culture / wildlife / Constitution
  3. Haan, Preamble = Quit India
  4. Haan, tiger = Tilak

Solution

  1. Alag extras

    Dance culture. Park wildlife. Preamble agla extra. Yahan 8 Aug / Do or Die.

AnswerB

← Index · Wildlife · Rajasthan history

Agle topic: Constitution — Preamble, FRs, DPSP, Parliament.