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Comprehension

Lesson 24 of 113

Topic kya maangta hai

Paper: Read the following passage and answer / A suitable title / The author suggests / Which is not mentioned / The word x in the passage means / “They” refers to. Pooche is ansh ka bodh, pehle se rattal GK nahi. Hole ____ — cloze (yahan paragraph bhari hai). kick the bucket akela — idioms. arid = dry list — synonyms. one who — OWS. PQRS tukde — improvement. Hindi कुआँ-गद्यांश — apathit.

Yahan padhna

Do reads. Title: na haathi na chinti. Main idea vs ek kone ka sach. Direct fact vs inference vs not said (teen sach, ek ghuspaith). Word ka matlab isi line se. Pronoun ek jumla pehle. Tone / fact vs opinion. Extreme always/never. Bahar ka sach bhi galat. Stem: typing room, file, canal village — lekin jo line mein nahi, woh tick nahi.

Yahan mat ghusana

Blank famous for — cloze. Isolated idiom red tape — idioms (passage ke andar underlined ho to yahan context). Isolated arid — synonyms. misanthrope — OWS. Find error despite of — spotting. PQRS order — improvement. शीर्षक न हाथी न चींटी Hindi — apathit (technique milti-julti, bhasha alag; कुआँ ansh yahan mat).

Ek line: Jawab ansh ke andar hai. Bahar ki sachchai bhi galat, agar writer ne woh baat likhi nahi.

RC vs baaki — pehle kaagaz pehchano

KaagazKya dikheKaun sa extra
Unseen RCpoora paragraph, uske baad 4–6 sawalyeh page
Clozeusi para mein ____ holescloze — fit word, title nahi
PQRSchar tukde, orderimprovement — kahani-bodh nahi, sequence of sentences
Vocab akelaarid nearest / kick the bucketsynonyms / idioms
Hindi अपठितDevanagari anshapathit

Passage ke andar idiom ho aur poochhe “in the passage means” → yahan, usi context se. Isolated phrase without passage → idioms extra. Dono mix mat.

Do reads — jldi mein bhi yahi

  1. Pehli slow: kaun, kahan, kya hua, ant mein writer kis ore muda. Adhoora chhod ke options mat.
  2. Dusri sawal lekar: title ho to poora ghumao. Underline ho to usi jumle + pados. “They” ho to ek jumla pehle. “Not mentioned” ho to har option pe ungli.

Kram: Kuch saathi pehle options, phir ansh — jldi mein underline chhoot jata. Pakka: ansh poora → sawal → us tukde par laut.

Samay. Chhota Class-X para ~2 minute ek baar, sawalon ke saath ~2. Ek mushkil word pe 5 minute mat — context se matlab; dictionary list synonyms pe, yahan pados jeette.

Title — na haathi, na chinti

Title ansh ka naam hai, woh essay nahi jo tum likhna chahte. Teen kaat. (Hindi apathit pe कुआँ example; yahan English stems.)

KaatKya galatEnglish example
Ati vyapak (haathi)poora desh, poori humanity, “Life is a struggle”ek typing-room para pe “Unemployment in India”
Ati sankirn (chinti)ek scene ko poora maan liyausi para pe “Geeta’s kitchen” — kitchen aaya, malik machine hai
Bahar kawriter ne kahi hi nahi“Ban petrol generators in Sikar” — ansh ne ban nahi maanga

Achha title: mukhya vastu + writer ka mod. Pehli line ka tukda tabhi jab baaki ansh usi pe ghoome. Aakhri naseehat tabhi jab shuru se wahi pak rahi ho.

Main idea — malik jumla, kone ka sach nahi

Central / main idea woh baat jis par writer baar-baar laute, ya ant mein pakka kare. Ek sach option aanshik ho sakta — sahi hai, malik nahi.

Fact (kya hua)Idea / message
Pehchandikhaya, gina, huawriter kya samjhana chahta
Examplelights gayi, paper pe practicemehngi shortcut se shant mehnat jeeti
SawalWhat happened that night?The author mainly wants to show…

“What happened” pe message mat. “The passage highlights” pe sirf ek event mat. Maang padho.

Not mentioned — teen sach, ek ghuspaith

Which of the following is not true / not mentioned / cannot be inferred. Ulta kaam: teen options ansh mein milenge. Chautha ya to ulta hai, ya writer chup hai, ya tumhara GK sach hai jo likha nahi.

Kasauti: har option pe ansh mein ungli. Teen pe baithe, chauthe pe na baithe — wahi jawab. Bahar ki sachchi khabar bhi yahan galat.

only / always / never / all / must wale options aksar toot’te hain, jab ansh ne hadd na baandhi ho.

Inference — ek kadam, chhalang nahi

Inference = ansh ne seedha nahi likha, par ishara se nikal sakta. Paper: suggests / implies / we can conclude.

  • Nazdeek: paper keyboard pe practice → agle din bina dekhe type — practice kaam aayi (ek kadam).
  • Chhalang: Geeta Jaipur se selected hogi; generator illegal hai; poora Sikar andhera — ansh khamosh.

Ishara: silence, clap, “did not speak of X again”, a pointing finger. Man-gadhant psychology mat (“the shopkeeper hated poor students”).

Word in passage — dictionary pehla ghar mat

Underlined ka matlab isi line ke pados se. Isolated nearest — synonyms. Isolated phrase — idioms. Yahan context raja.

WordDictionary pehlaPassage wala (example)
eat (money)khanaitna kharch khayega ke hafte ka budget khatam
shift (work)sarkanaduty ka time-slot (office para)
patient (sand)bimaar ka opposite / mardintezaar kar sakta, jaldi nahi
bankpaise ka daftarnadi kinara — POS job; yahan pados “river”
called offphonecancel — idioms ghar, par passage ho to yahi extra

Simple meaning poochhe to mushkil word hata ke wahi baat chhoti class ki language. Nayi soochna mat jodna.

Pronoun — they / it / this kiske liye

they, it, this, these, those, he, she — ek ya do jumle pehle ki noun. Beech mein nayi noun aa gayi ho to paas wali, door wali mat. Number milao: they = plural; it = ek cheez/idea.

“They practised on paper keyboards” — they = six candidates, Geeta ke bhai nahi (bhai sirf cooking line mein). “It waits for a year without water” — it = sand/dune, canal nahi.

Tone, fact, opinion

SawalKaise
Tonefactual (ginti), hopeful (clap, quiet win), critical (fenced tracks), ironic (hans ke chup). Advertisement / gussa tabhi jab ansh chillaye
Factdikhaya/gina: six candidates, mustard after canal
Opinion / saying“The sand is patient” — budha ka vichar, map-fact nahi

“Which is a fact according to the passage?” pe proverb mat tick. “The old man’s view” pe ginti mat.

Outside GK — sach bhi yahan galat

Tumhe pata hai Thar Rajasthan mein hai, Keoladeo birds, canal ka saal, typing-speed rule. Writer ne naam/saal/sanctuary na likha ho to option mein ghusaana galat.

  • Passage: “edge of the Thar” + mustard. Option: “UNESCO listed this village in 2018” — bahar, chahe khabar sach ho.
  • Passage: typing room Sikar-near. Option: “Phase-II typing is 30 wpm” — exam-rule is page pe nahi, ansh mein nahi.
  • Passage chhup: wildlife. Option: “blackbuck is the state animal” — GK extra, RC nahi.

Hindi stamp. अपठित ke कुआँ / «नहीं कहा» lists yahan copy mat. Technique wahi: ungli ansh pe. Bhasha English, ansh naya.

Example

Passage ek typing-room ki baat karta hai, generator ka zikr aata hai. Sahi?

Solution

  1. Jo likha

    shopkeeper bola generator hafte ka paise kha jayega. Unhone kharida — yeh tabhi tick jab line kharidne ki ho. Is ansh mein generator chhoda.

  2. Jo tum jaante

    “Rajasthan mein bijli-sankat hai” — desh-vyapak, is para ka title nahi.

AnswerSirf ansh ki hadd

Passage A — shared machine (Q 2–8 isi se)

Pehle khud padho. Hole nahi — cloze nahi. Hindi कुआँ nahi. Phir neeche example, phir Q-bank.

In a small town near Sikar, six candidates hired one old typewriter by the hour. They called it the shared machine. Geeta came after cooking for her brothers; she never asked for extra minutes. One night the power failed. Someone suggested a petrol generator. The shopkeeper said it would eat their week’s money. They practised on paper keyboards till the lights returned. Next morning Geeta typed a full page without looking at her fingers. The others clapped, then went back to their own keys. Nobody spoke of the generator again.

Practice ansh — textbook ka path nahi. Typing-room stem; typing-speed rule yahan nahi.

Example

Most suitable title?

  1. Unemployment in India — haathi
  2. The shared machine and a quiet win
  3. Geeta’s kitchen — chinti
  4. Ban generators in Sikar — bahar

Solution

  1. Chawda / patla

    A poora desh. C kitchen ek kone. D writer ne ban nahi maanga.

  2. Samet

    machine + Geeta ki jeet + generator ka chhodna. B teeno.

AnswerB
Example

Underlined eat here means?

  1. chew food — dictionary ghar
  2. cost so much that the week’s budget would be gone
  3. the generator drinks petrol only — adhoora
  4. kick the bucket — idioms alag tukda

Solution

  1. Pados

    week’s money. Kharch niwalega. Food nahi. Idiom list nahi.

AnswerB

Traps — yahi kat'te hain

1. Haathi / chinti title

India / humanity / ek kitchen-scene.

2. Aanshik sach ko main idea

Power failed — hua, malik nahi. Malik = sharing + shant practice.

3. Not-said pe GK

Canal 1958, Keoladeo, 30 wpm — likha nahi to galat.

4. Chhalang inference

Geeta selected / shopkeeper zalim / Sikar hamesha andhera.

5. Cloze / PQRS / vocab extras

Hole = cloze. Order of P-Q-R-S = improvement. arid akela = synonyms. red tape bina para = idioms.

6. Hindi अपठित stamp

कुआँ, बैठक, नीम — apathit. Yahan shared machine / canal. Devanagari options nahi.

Paper pe paanch kadam

  1. Maang. Title / not said / means / refers to / suggests — ghar badle.
  2. Ansh poora. Options se pehle ek baar.
  3. Ungli. Har option ko line se takkar. Jo line na mile, kaato (not-said mein wahi jeette).
  4. Hadd. always/never/all, bahar ka saal, dusra extra (cloze hole, isolated idiom).
  5. Do bache. Jo poora ansh samete, sirf pehli line ya sirf aakhri naseehat nahi.
Galat list. Title = pehli line hamesha. Not mentioned = jo tumhe galat lagta (nahi — jo ansh chup). eat = chew. they = nearest naam bina number. Thar GK = automatic tick. ____ hole = RC. कुआँ = this page.

Q 1–10

Q2–Q8 Passage A (shared machine) se. Pehle ansh padh lo.

Q1

Comprehension extra kya chunta hai?

  1. Paragraph ke holes mein for / although
  2. Poore unseen ansh se title, fact, inference, word-in-context
  3. Akela kick the bucket
  4. One who hates = misanthrope

Solution

  1. Ansh-bodh

    Cloze hole. Idioms tukda. OWS naam.

AnswerB
Q2

Passage A — most suitable title?

  1. Power cuts in Rajasthan — haathi
  2. The shared machine and a quiet win
  3. Paper keyboards as a hobby — chinti / ulta zor
  4. How to pass the typing test at 40 wpm — bahar rule

Solution

  1. Samet

    Example title family. wpm ansh mein nahi. B malik + mod.

AnswerB
Q3

The shared machine in the passage is?

  1. a factory in Sikar
  2. one old typewriter hired by six candidates
  3. a petrol generator
  4. a computer lab — bahar

Solution

  1. Direct

    pehli do lines. Generator suggest hua, machine nahi.

AnswerB
Q4

Which is not mentioned?

  1. The power failed one night — likha
  2. They finally hired a petrol generator for the whole week
  3. Geeta came after cooking — likha
  4. Six candidates hired one typewriter — likha

Solution

  1. Ungli

    Suggest + shopkeeper kharch; “nobody spoke of the generator again”. Khareedna likha nahi.

AnswerB
Q5

We can infer that?

  1. Geeta will get a Jaipur posting — chhalang
  2. Practice without electricity still helped her typing
  3. The shopkeeper hated students — man-gadhant
  4. Sikar never has electricity — extreme

Solution

  1. Ek kadam

    paper practice → next morning full page. Posting / hate / never — ansh chup.

AnswerB
Q6

“They practised on paper keyboards” — They refers to?

  1. Geeta’s brothers
  2. the six candidates
  3. shopkeepers
  4. generators

Solution

  1. Pehle noun

    six candidates / they called it. Brothers sirf cooking line. Number plural = candidates.

AnswerB
Q7

Tone of the last lines (clap, nobody spoke of the generator) is closest to?

  1. mocking Geeta
  2. quietly respectful / hopeful
  3. an advertisement for generators
  4. angry at the government

Solution

  1. Ishara

    clap + generator bhool = shant jeet, gussa/ad nahi. Mock nahi.

AnswerB
Q8

Main idea?

  1. Cooking must come before exams — kone
  2. Sharing a machine and calm practice beat a costly shortcut
  3. Petrol is expensive in Sikar — GK/bahar zor
  4. Typewriters are better than computers — ansh chup

Solution

  1. Malik

    shared + paper practice + generator chhoda. Cooking detail. Petrol-price writer ne nahi napha.

AnswerB
Q9

Hindi अपठित ke «कुआँ / बैठक / न हाथी न चींटी» lists is English extra pe tick?

  1. Haan, same ansh
  2. Nahi — apathit Devanagari; yahan Passage A/B English. Technique mil sakti, stamp nahi
  3. Yeh PQRS hai
  4. Yeh tag hai

Solution

  1. Do bhasha

    कुआँ wahan. Shared machine yahan.

AnswerB
Q10

Jaipur is famous ____ its palaces. Yeh comprehension extra hai?

  1. Haan, Jaipur passage hai
  2. Nahi — hole = cloze; yahan bhari ansh ke baad title/not-said. Isolated famous for bhi cloze collocation
  3. kick the bucket
  4. misanthrope

Solution

  1. Fence

    Q10 idioms pe RC tha. Cloze holes alag. English extras yahin tak.

AnswerB

Practice

Ye dus alag kone — Passage A ki nakal nahi. P2–P8 Passage B se.

12345 678910

The canal brought wheat to a village on the edge of the Thar. Fields that had grown bajra now held mustard. Old herders said the grazing tracks were fenced. A boy asked his grandfather whether the desert had died. The old man pointed to a dune still moving behind the last field. “The sand is patient,” he said. “It waits for a year without water.” The boy did not understand, but he kept the sentence.

Passage B — canal/Thar stem. Saal, Yojana-naam, sanctuary yahan nahi likhe.

P1

Most suitable title for Passage B?

  1. Agriculture in India — haathi
  2. Water, fences, and a patient dune
  3. How to cook mustard — chinti / bahar
  4. Blackbuck sanctuary rules — GK bahar

Solution

  1. Samet

    canal-fasal + herders + sand waits. Q2 machine family alag ansh.

AnswerB
P2

After the canal, the fields held?

  1. only bajra — ulta
  2. mustard (wheat also came to the village)
  3. rice as in Kerala — bahar
  4. no crop — ulta

Solution

  1. Direct

    wheat to village; fields bajra → mustard. Kerala nahi.

AnswerB
P3

Which is not said?

  1. Grazing tracks were fenced — herders said
  2. A law in 1983 banned all herding in the Thar
  3. A dune was still moving — likha
  4. The boy kept the sentence — likha

Solution

  1. Saal/kanoon

    bahar GK-shape. Q4 generator-khareed family: jo likha nahi.

AnswerB
P4

The grandfather’s words most nearly suggest?

  1. The desert is already dead forever
  2. Sand may return if water fails for a stretch
  3. The boy should become an engineer in Jaipur — chhalang
  4. Mustard is illegal — bahar

Solution

  1. patient / waits

    ek kadam. “died?” ka jawab: sand intezaar. Forever-dead ulta.

AnswerB
P5

Underlined patient here means?

  1. a sick person in hospital
  2. able to wait; not in a hurry
  3. a doctor’s assistant — OWS nahi
  4. arid — synonyms weather word, is line ka nahi

Solution

  1. Pados

    waits for a year. Bimaar-ghar dictionary. Q6 eat-money family: context.

AnswerB
P6

“It waits for a year without water.” It refers to?

  1. the canal
  2. the sand / dune
  3. the boy
  4. mustard

Solution

  1. Pehle

    The sand is patient. It = sand. Q6 they-candidates family.

AnswerB
P7

Which is the old man’s view, not a counted fact?

  1. Fields now held mustard — dikhaya
  2. The sand is patient and waits
  3. A boy asked a question — hua
  4. The village is on the edge of the Thar — sthaan

Solution

  1. Opinion

    quoted speech. Mustard/edge fact. Q7 tone alag sawal, yahan fact vs saying.

AnswerB
P8

You know Keoladeo is a bird sanctuary. Passage B never names it. On a “not mentioned / title” sawal you should?

  1. Tick Keoladeo — GK sach hai
  2. Leave it out — bahar ka sach bhi yahan galat
  3. Use it as the title anyway
  4. Copy the Hindi कुआँ title

Solution

  1. Outside

    #outside kasauti. Sanctuary is extra wildlife pe, is ansh mein nahi.

AnswerB
P9

The Thar is arid. Nearest = dry. Bina passage ke. Yeh RC hai?

  1. Haan, Thar word hai
  2. Nahi — synonyms (akela word); yahan “in the passage means” + ansh
  3. OWS nomad
  4. PQRS

Solution

  1. Fence

    Passage B mein arid likha nahi. Isolated pair wahan.

AnswerB
P10

“Red tape” means official delay. Bina unseen para ke. Yeh RC hai?

  1. Haan, delay ek passage hai
  2. Nahi — isolated idiom idioms; yahan title/not-said/refers-to after a paragraph. (Agar tukda ansh ke andar underline ho to context yahi extra)
  3. famous ____ for cloze
  4. Hindi अपठित

Solution

  1. Fence

    Q10 cloze tha. Isolated red tape idioms pe. English extras yahin tak.

AnswerB

← List · ← Idioms and phrases

English extras yahin tak. Kuch aur chahiye to bolo.