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Noteclass 6 8

Present perfect (intro)

Lesson 32 of 84

A2

Present perfect = have / has + V3 (verb ka 3rd form: gone, eaten, seen). Pehli map: zindagi me kabhi? Have you ever…? Kal / yesterday wala contrast = topic 37. Simple past went / ate = topic 22.

1. Kya hai

Present perfect se hum bolte hain: zindagi me kabhi hua ya nahi — exact kal / last year yahan core nahi (woh topic 37).

I have seen the Taj Mahal. (= meri zindagi me; kab exactly nahi)

Paas hona I have a bag = topic 06. Yahan have = madad wala word, uske baad V3.

yesterday / last week ke saath yeh form mat lagao — topic 37. since / for = I5. have been doing = 39.

2. have / has + V3

I / you / we / they he / she / it
Positive I have eaten. / I've eaten. She has eaten. / She's eaten.
Negative I haven't eaten. / I have not eaten. She hasn't eaten.
Question Have you eaten? Has she eaten?
Short Yes, I have. / No, I haven't. Yes, she has. / No, she hasn't.

Short: Yes, I have. — not Yes, I've. She's been yahan = she has, not she is.

V3 = verb ka 3rd form. Regular aksar -ed (played). Irregular alag yaad: gone, eaten, seen, done, been, got (British got, not gotten).

Base Past (22) V3 (yahan)
play / visit / cook played / visited / cooked played / visited / cooked (same as -ed)
go went gone
eat ate eaten
see saw seen
do did done
be was / were been
write wrote written
take / give / make took / gave / made taken / given / made
come / buy / get came / bought / got come / bought / got (British: not gotten)

3. ever / never + been / gone

Rule Yes No
ever = question Have you ever eaten pani puri? Have you ever eat / ate pani puri?
never = 0 times I have never seen snow. I haven't never seen snow.
been to = visit, wapas She has been to Goa. (life me gayi, ab yahan) She has been Goa. (to missing)
gone to = ab wahan / nahi yahan He has gone to the market. (ab bazaar me) He has went to the market.

just / already / yet aur yesterday wala contrast = topic 37. Question tags = 33. Yeh page pehli map hai: form + ever / never.

4. Examples

Bold = present perfect.

  1. I have eaten pani puri.
  2. She has seen that film.
  3. We have played cricket.
  4. They have visited the Taj Mahal.
  5. He has cooked biryani.
  6. I have never seen snow.
  7. She has never been to Goa.
  8. Have you ever eaten idli?
  9. Has he ever visited Jaipur?
  10. Have you ever been to Mumbai? Yes, I have.
  11. Have you ever seen a Test match? No, I haven't.
  12. Ravi has gone to the market. (He is not here.)
  13. Ananya has been to Mumbai. (She visited. She is back.)
  14. I have written a message.
  15. She has done her homework.

5. Common mistakes

I have went. / I have saw a film.
I have gone. / I have seen a film.
I have eat / I have go.
I have eaten. / I have gone.
She have seen that film.
She has seen that film.
Have you ever eat pani puri?
Have you ever eaten pani puri?
I seen a film.
I have seen a film. (ya simple past: I saw a film.)
Yesterday I have gone to school.
I went to school yesterday. (yesterday = simple past — 22 / 37)
Yes, I've. (short answer)
Yes, I have.
I haven't never seen snow. / She has been Goa.
I have never seen snow. / She has been to Goa.
Hindi note. Hindi "main dekh chuka hoon / kabhi dekha hai?" ke liye English form: have / has + V3 (V3 = verb ka 3rd form). Past form (went, ate, saw) yahan nahi. Regular V3 aksar -ed jaisa (10). Irregular alag yaad: gone, eaten, seen, done, been. Kabhi? = ever (sawal). Kabhi nahi = never (bina extra haven't).

6. Practice

A. 10 MCQ

1. She ______ seen that film.
2. I have ______ to the market. (V3 of go)
3. Have you ever ______ pani puri?
4. I have never ______ snow.
5. Have you ever been to Goa?
6. Ravi is not here. He has ______ to the market.
7. Ananya visited Mumbai. She is back now. She has ______ to Mumbai.
8. I ______ never eaten sushi.
9. She's been to Jaipur. Here she's =
10. Zindagi me (yesterday / last year nahi):

B. 5 fill-in

1. I ______ eaten idli. (have / has)

2. She ______ visited Jaipur. (have / has)

3. Have you ever ______ snow? (see)

4. go ka V3: ______

5. Sahi karo: She have seen it.

C. 3 sentences

Model answers neeche.

  1. Have you ever…? Have you ever eaten pani puri?
  2. never: I have never seen snow.
  3. been to / gone to: She has been to Goa. / He has gone to the market.

7. Answer key

MCQ
  1. b) has — she + has + V3. have = I/you/we/they. is + seen nahi.
  2. c) gone — go → went (22) → gone (V3). have went galat.
  3. c) eaten — ever + V3. eat / ate nahi.
  4. b) seen — never + V3. saw = past (22). see = base.
  5. b) Yes, I have. — Have-question ka short. Yes, I've nahi. Yes, I did = Did (22).
  6. b) gone — not here now. been = visit + back. went = simple past, have ke baad nahi.
  7. a) been — visit, wapas. gone = ab wahan. went = 22.
  8. c) have — I + have + never + V3. am / do yahan nahi.
  9. a) she has — She's been = has + been. she is / she was alag.
  10. b) I have seen the Taj Mahal. — life, no last year. last year = past (37). now = continuous (08).
Fill-in
  1. have — I + have.
  2. has — she + has.
  3. seen — see → seen (V3).
  4. gone — go → gone.
  5. She has seen it. — she + has, not have. (She's seen it. bhi theek.)
Model sentences
  1. Have you ever eaten pani puri?
  2. I have never seen snow.
  3. She has been to Goa.

Check: have/has + V3; ever in questions; never without haven't; Yes, I have; been to vs gone to; no have went/saw; yesterday = 37; since/for = I5; tags = 33.