Environment Studies
Unit 7: MCQ Practice — population growth, family welfare, health and value education
25 MCQs with Answers & Explanations (English + Hinglish) • BA • Semester 1 (AEC)
- Q1: Population explosion means:
- Q2: Who proposed the theory that population grows faster than fo…
- Q3: Which country launched the world’s first family planni…
- Q4: The world population crossed 8 billion in:
- Q5: India became the world’s most populous country in:
- Q6: “Doubling time” of a population means:
- Q7: AIDS stands for:
- Q8: HIV spreads through:
- Q9: Which of the following are water-borne diseases?
- Q10: Value education in environmental studies aims at:
- Q11: As per Census 2011, India’s population was about:
- Q12: Rapid population growth puts pressure on the environment by:
- Q13: Family welfare programmes in India promote:
- Q14: Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) means:
- Q15: “Carrying capacity” of an environment means:
- Q16: Rapid urbanisation in India has led to:
- Q17: Human health is directly affected by the environment through:
- Q18: Which of the following is a vector-borne disease?
- Q19: Women and child welfare programmes mainly focus on:
- Q20: India’s population growth rate has declined mainly due…
- Q21: A high dependency ratio means a country has:
- Q22: Human rights and a healthy environment are linked because:
- Q23: The death rate in India declined mainly because of:
- Q24: A “sustainable” population level means one that:
- Q25: India’s National Population Policy was announced in th…
Q1 Population explosion means: 1 mark
- ASudden decrease in population
- BLarge-scale migration
- CEqual birth and death rates
- DRapid population rise due to high birth rate and falling death rate ✓ Correct
Better health care ne deaths cut ki jabki births high rahe — population boom ka classic cause.
Q2 Who proposed the theory that population grows faster than food supply? 1 mark
- ACharles Darwin, 1859
- BThomas Malthus, 1798 ✓ Correct
- CPaul Ehrlich, 1968
- DM. S. Swaminathan, 1968
Malthus ke 'Essay on Population' (1798) ne warn kiya ki population geometrically, food arithmetically badhta hai.
Q3 Which country launched the world’s first family planning programme? 1 mark
- AJapan, 1955
- BIndia, 1952 ✓ Correct
- CUSA, 1960
- DChina, 1979
India ne 1952 me state-led family planning me pioneer kiya, doosron se decades pehle.
Q4 The world population crossed 8 billion in: 1 mark
- AJune 2032
- BNovember 2022 ✓ Correct
- CJanuary 2000
- DNovember 2012
UN ne 15 November 2022 ko 8-billion milestone mark kiya tha.
Q5 India became the world’s most populous country in: 1 mark
- A2023 ✓ Correct
- B2011
- C2000
- D2030
UN data dikhate hain ki 2023 me India China ko overtake karke most populous nation bana.
Q6 “Doubling time” of a population means: 1 mark
- ATime between two censuses
- BTime taken to count it twice
- CTime to halve the population
- DTime taken for the population to double in size ✓ Correct
2% annual growth pe population roughly 35 years me double hoti hai.
Q7 AIDS stands for: 1 mark
- AAuto Immune Deficiency Sickness
- BAdvanced Infection Defence System
- CAcquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome ✓ Correct
- DAcute Immuno Disease Syndrome
AIDS HIV infection ka late stage hai, jo body ki immunity destroy karta hai.
Q8 HIV spreads through: 1 mark
- ATouching or hugging
- BDrinking water
- CAir and coughing
- DInfected blood, sexual contact and mother-to-child ✓ Correct
Ye touch, food sharing ya mosquito bites se NAHI failta — sirf body fluids se.
Q9 Which of the following are water-borne diseases? 1 mark
- ACholera and typhoid ✓ Correct
- BMalaria and dengue
- CCancer and diabetes
- DTuberculosis and flu
Contaminated drinking water se cholera, typhoid, dysentery aur hepatitis failte hain.
Q10 Value education in environmental studies aims at: 1 mark
- APromoting consumerism
- BBuilding environmental ethics and responsible citizenship ✓ Correct
- CIncreasing marks only
- DTeaching computer skills
Ye nature ke liye respect, sab life ke liye compassion aur sustainable lifestyles develop karta hai.
Q11 As per Census 2011, India’s population was about: 1 mark
- A0.95 billion
- B1.40 billion
- C1.02 billion
- D1.21 billion ✓ Correct
Census 2011 me 1.21 billion Indians count hue; next census delayed hua.
Q12 Rapid population growth puts pressure on the environment by: 1 mark
- AIncreasing forest cover
- BCleaning the air
- CReducing waste
- DIncreasing demand for resources, waste and pollution ✓ Correct
Zyada logon ko zyada food, water, energy, land chahiye — zyada waste aur pollution generate hota hai.
Q13 Family welfare programmes in India promote: 1 mark
- AEarly marriage
- BOnly large families
- CChild labour
- DContraception, sterilisation, maternal and child health ✓ Correct
Ye programme methods ka informed choice plus mothers aur children ke liye health care deta hai.
Q14 Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) means: 1 mark
- ADeaths per hospital
- BBirth rate per 1,000 people
- CTotal infant deaths in a year
- DDeaths of infants per 1,000 live births ✓ Correct
IMR key health indicator hai; better care se India ka IMR sharply gira hai.
Q15 “Carrying capacity” of an environment means: 1 mark
- AThe maximum population it can support sustainably ✓ Correct
- BIts forest cover
- CIts total land area
- DIts mineral wealth
Carrying capacity ke beyond resources degrade hote hain aur population sustain nahi ho sakti.
Q16 Rapid urbanisation in India has led to: 1 mark
- ALess traffic
- BCleaner rivers
- CMore forests
- DSlums, pollution and pressure on water and services ✓ Correct
Cities housing, water supply aur waste systems ke cope karne se tez grow karte hain.
Q17 Human health is directly affected by the environment through: 1 mark
- AOnly genetic factors
- BOnly diet
- CPolluted air and water, poor sanitation and disease vectors ✓ Correct
- DNone of these
Ganda water cholera failata hai; smoky air asthma karta hai; stagnant water mosquitoes breed karta hai.
Q18 Which of the following is a vector-borne disease? 1 mark
- AFluorosis
- BCholera
- CTyphoid
- DMalaria (mosquito) ✓ Correct
Malaria female Anopheles mosquito se failta hai — vector parasite carry karta hai.
Q19 Women and child welfare programmes mainly focus on: 1 mark
- AEmployment of men
- BHealth, nutrition and education of mothers and children ✓ Correct
- CRoad building
- DIndustrial growth
ICDS jaise schemes nutrition, immunisation aur pre-school education dete hain.
Q20 India’s population growth rate has declined mainly due to: 1 mark
- AWars
- BFamines
- CFamily planning, literacy and better health care ✓ Correct
- DEmigration
Awareness, contraception access aur girls' education ne birth rates steadily lower kiye.
Q21 A high dependency ratio means a country has: 1 mark
- AMore exports
- BLess population
- CA large non-working (young + old) population ✓ Correct
- DMore factories
Kai children aur elderly relatively fewer working-age earners pe depend karte hain.
Q22 Human rights and a healthy environment are linked because: 1 mark
- AEnvironment needs no rights
- BA clean environment is essential for a healthy, dignified life ✓ Correct
- CThey are unrelated
- DRights apply only in cities
Right to life me clean air, water aur safe surroundings ka right shaamil hai.
Q23 The death rate in India declined mainly because of: 1 mark
- AFrequent wars
- BBetter health care, sanitation and immunisation ✓ Correct
- CLess food
- DMore births
Vaccines, hospitals aur clean water ne deaths cut ki, khaas taur pe infants me.
Q24 A “sustainable” population level means one that: 1 mark
- AStays within the environment’s carrying capacity ✓ Correct
- BKeeps growing forever
- CDoubles every decade
- DFalls to zero
Goal resources support kar sakein us level pe stability hai — endless growth nahi.
Q25 India’s National Population Policy was announced in the year: 1 mark
- A2000 ✓ Correct
- B2010
- C1990
- D1952
NPP 2000 ne health-centred goals ke saath 2045 tak population stabilise karne ka aim rakha.