Environment Studies
Unit 2: MCQ Practice — renewable and non-renewable resources — forest, water, mineral, food, energy and land
25 MCQs with Answers & Explanations (English + Hinglish) • BA • Semester 1 (AEC)
- Q1: Which of the following is a <strong>renewable</strong> resou…
- Q2: Which of the following is a <strong>non-renewable</strong> r…
- Q3: Which fossil fuel is called “black gold”?
- Q4: Deforestation means:
- Q5: As per ISFR 2021, India’s forest cover is about:
- Q6: Rainwater harvesting means:
- Q7: The Sardar Sarovar Dam is built on the river:
- Q8: The Tehri Dam is built on the river:
- Q9: Who is known as the father of the Green Revolution in India?
- Q10: The Bhadla Solar Park, one of the world’s largest, is …
- Q11: Overgrazing of land by livestock mainly leads to:
- Q12: Waterlogging and salinity of farmland are mainly caused by:
- Q13: In India, tidal energy potential is mainly found in:
- Q14: Manikaran in Himachal Pradesh is famous for:
- Q15: Gobar gas (biogas) is an example of:
- Q16: The fuel commonly used in nuclear power plants is:
- Q17: Which of the following is a fossil fuel?
- Q18: Soil erosion is mainly the:
- Q19: Desertification means:
- Q20: A major social problem created by big dams is:
- Q21: Drip irrigation is useful because it:
- Q22: Which source of energy is practically inexhaustible?
- Q23: Large-scale mining causes:
- Q24: The “3Rs” of resource and waste management stand…
- Q25: Land degradation can be checked by:
Q1 Which of the following is a renewable resource? 1 mark
- ASolar energy ✓ Correct
- BPetroleum
- CCoal
- DNatural gas
Solar energy inexhaustible hai aur daily regenerate hoti hai; coal, petroleum, natural gas finite fossil fuels hain.
Q2 Which of the following is a non-renewable resource? 1 mark
- AWind energy
- BBiomass
- CHydropower
- DCoal ✓ Correct
Coal millions saal me bana aur ek baar use hone pe replace nahi ho sakta.
Q3 Which fossil fuel is called “black gold”? 1 mark
- ANatural gas
- BCoal
- CUranium
- DPetroleum ✓ Correct
Petroleum (crude oil) ko uski huge economic value ki wajah se 'black gold' kehte hain.
Q4 Deforestation means: 1 mark
- ALarge-scale clearing of forests ✓ Correct
- BPlanting trees
- CPruning of branches
- DIrrigating forests
Deforestation agriculture, settlements, industry ya timber ke liye forests ka clearing hai.
Q5 As per ISFR 2021, India’s forest cover is about: 1 mark
- A45%
- B12%
- C33%
- D21.7% ✓ Correct
India State of Forest Report 2021: forest cover desh ke geographical area ka ≈ 21.71% hai.
Q6 Rainwater harvesting means: 1 mark
- ACollecting and storing rainwater for reuse and groundwater recharge ✓ Correct
- BDesalination of sea water
- CBuilding large dams
- DCloud seeding
Ye rooftops/surfaces ka rainwater tanks, pits ya aquifers me collect karta hai dry months aur recharge ke liye.
Q7 The Sardar Sarovar Dam is built on the river: 1 mark
- AGanga
- BYamuna
- CKrishna
- DNarmada ✓ Correct
Narmada pe Sardar Sarovar (Gujarat) Gujarat, MP aur Maharashtra ko water aur power deta hai.
Q8 The Tehri Dam is built on the river: 1 mark
- AYamuna
- BAlaknanda
- CBhagirathi ✓ Correct
- DMandakini
Tehri Dam (Uttarakhand), India ke tallest me se ek, Bhagirathi river pe hai.
Q9 Who is known as the father of the Green Revolution in India? 1 mark
- AVerghese Kurien
- BM. S. Swaminathan ✓ Correct
- CSalim Ali
- DHomi Bhabha
M. S. Swaminathan ne high-yielding wheat/rice varieties lead ki jinhone 1960s–70s me India ko food-secure banaya.
Q10 The Bhadla Solar Park, one of the world’s largest, is located in: 1 mark
- ATamil Nadu
- BKarnataka
- CRajasthan ✓ Correct
- DGujarat
Bhadla (Jodhpur district, Rajasthan) me duniya ke largest solar parks me se ek hai.
Q11 Overgrazing of land by livestock mainly leads to: 1 mark
- AHigher soil fertility
- BFlood control
- CIncrease in forest cover
- DSoil erosion and land degradation ✓ Correct
Zyada animals vegetation cover hata dete hain, soil wind aur water erosion ke liye expose ho jaati hai.
Q12 Waterlogging and salinity of farmland are mainly caused by: 1 mark
- AExcessive irrigation ✓ Correct
- BMining
- CDeforestation
- DLess rainfall
Over-irrigation water table raise karta hai; evaporation salts chhod jaati hai, land barren ho jaati hai.
Q13 In India, tidal energy potential is mainly found in: 1 mark
- ADal Lake
- BKolleru Lake
- CChilika Lake
- DGulf of Kutch and Gulf of Khambhat ✓ Correct
Gujarat ke Kutch aur Khambhat gulfs me tidal power ke liye chahiye high tidal range hai.
Q14 Manikaran in Himachal Pradesh is famous for: 1 mark
- ATidal energy
- BWind energy
- CGeothermal energy ✓ Correct
- DSolar energy
Manikaran ke hot springs geothermal potential dikhate hain — power ke liye earth ki internal heat.
Q15 Gobar gas (biogas) is an example of: 1 mark
- ATidal energy
- BGeothermal energy
- CNuclear energy
- DBiomass energy ✓ Correct
Cattle dung aur organic waste se biogas renewable biomass fuel hai, cooking aur light ke liye.
Q16 The fuel commonly used in nuclear power plants is: 1 mark
- ADiesel
- BCoal
- CUranium ✓ Correct
- DWood
Reactors me Uranium-235 ka fission huge nuclear energy release karta hai.
Q17 Which of the following is a fossil fuel? 1 mark
- ACoal ✓ Correct
- BBiogas
- CSolar energy
- DWind energy
Coal, petroleum aur natural gas ancient organic matter se bane fossil fuels hain.
Q18 Soil erosion is mainly the: 1 mark
- AResult of tides
- BEffect of earthquakes
- CRemoval of fertile topsoil by wind or running water ✓ Correct
- DFormation of new soil
Wind aur water fertile top layer ko carry kar le jaate hain, khaas taur pe jahan vegetation hata di gayi ho.
Q19 Desertification means: 1 mark
- AMaking deserts green
- BBuilding dams in deserts
- CUrban growth
- DExpansion of deserts and degradation of fertile land ✓ Correct
Overuse, deforestation aur climate change productive land ko desert-like bana dete hain.
Q20 A major social problem created by big dams is: 1 mark
- AIncrease in rainfall
- BShortage of power
- CCheaper land
- DDisplacement of people needing resettlement ✓ Correct
Reservoirs villages aur farmland submerge karte hain; lakhs oustees ko rehabilitation chahiye, jaise Sardar Sarovar me.
Q21 Drip irrigation is useful because it: 1 mark
- ASaves water by giving it drop-by-drop to roots ✓ Correct
- BIncreases soil salinity
- CCauses floods
- DWastes more water
Drip systems water directly plant roots ko dete hain, wastage aadhe se zyada cut ho jaata hai.
Q22 Which source of energy is practically inexhaustible? 1 mark
- ACoal
- BPetroleum
- CSolar energy ✓ Correct
- DNatural gas
Sun billions saal chamkega; fossil fuels decades se centuries me exhaust ho jayenge.
Q23 Large-scale mining causes: 1 mark
- ASoil formation
- BAfforestation
- CDeforestation and land degradation ✓ Correct
- DMore rainfall
Open-cast mining forests aur topsoil strip kar deta hai, degraded polluted landscapes chhod jaata hai.
Q24 The “3Rs” of resource and waste management stand for: 1 mark
- AReject, Remove, Replace
- BRead, Write, Recite
- CRun, Rest, Repeat
- DReduce, Reuse, Recycle ✓ Correct
Consumption reduce karo, items reuse karo, materials recycle karo — conservation ka core mantra.
Q25 Land degradation can be checked by: 1 mark
- AOver-irrigation
- BDeforestation
- CAfforestation and contour farming ✓ Correct
- DOvergrazing
Trees plant karna aur contours pe ploughing soil aur water hold karte hain, degradation reverse hota hai.