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Noteclass 11 12

Sentence transformation

Lesson 70 of 84

B2

Sentence transformation = same matlab, naya shape. Naya syllabus nahi — 34 / 53 / 40 / 58 / 41 / 42 ko paper format. Error spotting = 68. Formal/informal kapde = 69.

1. Kya hai

Paper: given word / starter. Meaning mat badlo. Extra story mat jodo. Tense tabhi peeche jab naya shape maange (42).

Rule Yahan nahi
same meaning + given word find the error (68) / Dear Mr Khan (69)
pehle padhe rules naya grammar yahan nahi / hedging (savdhani se likhna) = 71 extra

2. too / despite / unless

From To (same meaning) Lesson
The form was too long to finish. The form was so long that we could not finish it. 34
Although it rained, we played. Despite the rain, we played. (despite + noun) 53
If you do not fill the form, you cannot sit. Unless you fill the form, you cannot sit. 40
Ravi is not as tall as Amit. Amit is taller than Ravi. 24

too + adj + to + base. so + adj + that + clause. despite / in spite of + noun / -ing, poora although-vakya nahi. unless = if not (double negative mat lagao).

3. no sooner / passive / speech

From To Lesson
As soon as the rain stopped, the match started. No sooner had the rain stopped than the match started. 58
Someone filled the form. The form was filled. 41
He said, 'I am late.' He said (that) he was late. 42
He missed the local and he missed chai. Not only did he miss the local, but he also missed chai. 30 / 58

No sooner + inversion + than (not when). Questions/commands speech extra = 56. All-tense passive extra = 55. Cleft extra = 60.

4. Examples

Arrow = same meaning.

  1. The form was too long to finish. → The form was so long that we could not finish it.
  2. The chai was too hot to drink. → The chai was so hot that we could not drink it.
  3. Although it rained, we played cricket. → Despite the rain, we played cricket.
  4. Despite the delay, we took the metro. → Although there was a delay, we took the metro.
  5. If you do not fill the form, you cannot sit. → Unless you fill the form, you cannot sit.
  6. Unless Amma comes, we will wait. → If Amma does not come, we will wait.
  7. Ravi is not as tall as Amit. → Amit is taller than Ravi.
  8. As soon as the rain stopped, the match started. → No sooner had the rain stopped than the match started.
  9. Someone filled the form. → The form was filled.
  10. They postponed the match. → The match was postponed. (52 meaning; 41 shape)
  11. He said, 'I am late.' → He said he was late.
  12. She said, 'I took the local.' → She said she had taken the local.
  13. He missed the local and he missed chai. → Not only did he miss the local, but he also missed chai.
  14. The queue was too long to join. → The queue was so long that we did not join it.
  15. Although Papa was tired, he cooked. → Despite being tired, Papa cooked. / Despite his tiredness…

5. Common mistakes

too long that we finished / so long to finish
too long to finish / so long that we could not finish it
Despite it rained / Despite although the rain
Despite the rain / Although it rained
Unless you do not fill the form…
Unless you fill the form… (unless already = if not)
No sooner the rain stopped when…
No sooner had the rain stopped than… (58)
He said he is late. (from 'I am late.' yesterday-story)
He said he was late. (42)
Add new facts / change kids to children (as 70 naya topic)
Meaning same. Kapde = 69. Don't invent a new story.
Tick the error in (b) (as 70)
68 spotting. Here: rewrite with the given word.
perhaps / might yahan nahi (as 70) / It was Ravi who… (as 70 naya topic)
Hedging (savdhani se likhna) = 71 extra. Cleft = 60 extra, is page ki list nahi.
Hindi note. Transformation = kapda nahi, shape. Matlab same. too…to ↔ so…that + not. although + vakya ↔ despite + noun. unless = agar nahi. No sooner = had + than.

6. Practice

A. 10 MCQ

1. The form was too long to finish. → The form was ______ long that we could not finish it.
2. Although it rained, we played. → ______ the rain, we played.
3. If you do not fill the form, you cannot sit. → ______ you fill the form, you cannot sit.
4. No sooner had the rain stopped ______ the match started.
5. Someone filled the form. → The form ______.
6. He said, 'I am late.' → He said he ______ late.
7. Ravi is not as tall as Amit. → Amit is ______ Ravi.
8. Unless you fill the form… means:
9. too + adjective + ______ + base verb
10. As soon as the rain stopped, the match started. Starter: No sooner

B. 5 fill-in

1. The form was ______ long that we could not finish it.

2. ______ the rain, we played. (from Although it rained)

3. ______ you fill the form, you cannot sit. (= if you do not)

4. No sooner had the rain stopped ______ the match started.

5. Sahi karo: The form was too long that we finished.

C. 3 sentences

Model answers neeche. Ek so…that, ek despite, ek no sooner.

  1. so…that: The form was so long that we could not finish it.
  2. despite: Despite the rain, we played cricket.
  3. no sooner: No sooner had the rain stopped than the match started.

7. Answer key

MCQ
  1. b) so — so…that. too…to = 34 pair, yahan that-clause.
  2. a) Despite — + noun the rain. Although + vakya. Unless = if not.
  3. b) Unless — if not (40). Despite nahi.
  4. b) than — No sooner + than (58). when = hardly. then spelling galti.
  5. a) was filled — passive (41). filled = active, extra nahi.
  6. b) was — time peeche (42). is extra nahi. were = 40/62 galti.
  7. a) taller than — reverse the names (24). as tall as same height.
  8. c) If you do not fill the form… — unless = if not.
  9. b) to — too…to + base. that = so…that.
  10. a) had + than. when galat with no sooner.
Fill-in
  1. so — so long that.
  2. Despite / In spite of
  3. Unless
  4. than
  5. The form was too long to finish. / The form was so long that we could not finish it.
Model sentences
  1. The form was so long that we could not finish it.
  2. Despite the rain, we played cricket.
  3. No sooner had the rain stopped than the match started.

Check: same meaning; too/to ↔ so/that (34); despite + noun (53); unless = if not (40); no sooner + had + than (58); passive (41); said + was (42); not as ↔ comparative (24); spotting nahi (68); Dear/sincerely nahi (69); hedging yahan nahi (71 extra).